Industrial Revolution Collection (#39)

TEXTILE MILL, 1793. Samuel Slaters textile mill built at Pawtucket, Rhode Island, in 1793. 19th century engraving

MASSACHUSETTS MILL GIRL. A Massachusetts mill girl beside a Fales and Jenks spinning frame, c1845. Wood engraving, American, 19th century

TEXTILE MILL: COTTON. Mule Spinning of cotton cloth: colored engraving, 1834

SOHO ENGINEERING WORKS at Birmingham, England, where James Watt (1736-1819) and his partner, Matthew Boulton (1728-1809), manufactured steam engines from 1775 to 1800. French engraving, 19th century

POWER LOOM, 1834. Power Loom weaving of cotton cloth in a textile mill: colored engraving, 1834

BESSEMER STEEL manufacture and the rolling of railway track at Bethlehem, Pa. in 1876: contemporary colored engraving

JACQUARD LOOM. Colored line engraving, German, 19th century

TEXTILE MILL WORKER, 1841. Massachusetts cotton mill worker preparing the warp for the weaver: colored engraving

STEAM THRESHER, 1851. Hornsbys steam-driven threshing machine demonstrated in the open field at the Great London Exhibition of 1851: contemporary English engraving

TEXTILE MILL: COTTON. Calico printing in a cotton mill: steel engraving, 1834

ENGLAND: TEXTILE MILL. One of Robert Owens model textile mills at Tewkesbury, England, with work rules prominently dispayed on the walls. Wood engraving, from a French newspaper of 1860

CHILD LABOR, 1842. Three children taking a loaded wagon of coal up an incline in the Lancashire and Cheshire district of England. Wood engraving, English, 1842

CHILD LABOR, 1842. Hurrying Coal. A Girl drawing a loaded wagon of coal weighing between two hundred and five hundred pounds underground in the Halifax district (West Riding, Yorkshire) of England

SOHO ENGINEERING WORKS. Soho Engineering Works at Birmingham, England, where James Watt (1736-1819) and his partner, Matthew Boulton (1728-1809), manufactured steam engines from 1775 to 1800

TEXTILE MANUFACTURE, 1834. Power loom weaving in a Lancashire mill. Line engraving, English

BESSEMER STEEL, 1876. Bessemer Steel manufacture and the rolling of railway track at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Wood engraving, 1876

BESSEMER STEEL, 1886. Making Bessemer steel at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Wood engraving, 1886

TEXTILE MILL, 1747. The Fellow Prentices at the Looms. Plate 1 from William Hogarths series of engravings on Industry and Idleness, 1747

THE SPINNING JENNY. Designed by John Hargreaves in 1767. Color engraving, 19th century

CHILD LABOR, 1883. A young girl resting beside a wool-winding machine in a textile factory at Nottingham, England. Wood engraving, English, 1883

FACTORIES: GREAT BRITAIN. The workroom at Woolwich Arsenal, England. Wood engraving, English, 1862

CANDLEMAKING, c1860. An English candle factory. Wood engraving, English, c1860

CANDLEMAKING, c1860. Machine for cutting candlewicks in an English factory. Wood engraving, English, c1860

CANDLEMAKING, 1861. The candle-room at Prices Patent Candle Manufactory, Battersea. Wood engraving, English, 1861

First solar-powered printing press, 1894. Historical artwork showing Frenchman Abel Pifres invention, a steam press powered by the Suns rays

Weaving loom, historical artwork. The invention of the mechanized weaving loom in late 18th century England began the Industrial Revolution

Weaving looms, historical artwork. The invention of the mechanized weaving loom in late 18th century England began the Industrial Revolution

Statue of Science. Bronze statue of a woman representing Science. The woman is holding a centrifugal governor, a classic symbol of the industrial revolution and mechanisation

Statue of Science, 1868
Statue of Science. Bronze statue of a woman representing Science. The woman is holding a centrifugal governor, a classic symbol of the industrial revolution and mechanisation

Mob attacking Jacquard in Lyon, France. The French weaver Joseph Marie Jacquard (1752-1834, lower left) invented an improved mechanical loom in 1804

Matthew Boulton, British engineer
Matthew Boulton (1728-1809), British manufacturer and engineer. Boulton followed his father into the manufacturing industry before entering into partnership with John Fothergill (died 1782)

George Stephenson (1781-1848)
English engineer. Aged 14 he started work maintaining a steam engine at a coal mine. He obtained a basic education at night school, working at various pits until settling at Killingworth

Jacquard loom, 19th century
Jacquard loom. This device for weaving textiles was invented in 1804 by the French weaver and inventor Joseph Marie Jacquard (1752-1834)

James Watt (1736-1819)

Charles Dickens, British author
Charles John Huffam Dickens (1812-1870), British author. Dickens is famous as the author of novels such as Oliver Twist (1839), David Copperfield (1850) and Great Expectations (1861)

Samuel Crompton, British inventor
Samuel Crompton (1753-1827), British inventor. Crompton was born at Firwood, near the textile town of Bolton. In 1779 he designed and built his spinning mule

BUSN2A-00050
Boott Cotton Mills on the Merrimac River in Lowell, Massachusetts, 1850s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Textile mills line the Merrimac and Concord rivers in Lowell, Massachusetts, 1830s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

BUSN2P-00075
Power looms inside the Boott Cotton Mills, Lowell National Historical Park, Massachusetts. Photograph

BUSN2P-00097
Fabric label for cloth woven in Lowell mills, Boott Cotton Mill Museum, Lowell, Massachusetts. Photograph

BUSN2P-00012
Slaters Mill, first US textile factory, Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Photograph

BUSN2P-00050
Textile mills along the Blackstone River, Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Photograph

BUSN2A-00007
Ad for the New York Sun, a weekly newspaper, 1880. Color lithograph

BUSN2A-00008
Factory workers making rifle cartridges, 1870s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Early oil well gushing in Pennsylvania 1880s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration

BUSN2A-00165
Uncle Sam applying a steel cinch on the globe, a cartoon symbolizing the dominance of the American steel industry, 1901. Hand-colored woodcut of a 1901 illustration

Pittsburgh coke ovens, 1880s
Steel workers at the Pittsburgh coke ovens, showing their dwellings on the hilltop, 1880. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

BUSN2A-00070
MIll worker tending mule-spinners, an industrial textile machine, 1800s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration

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The Industrial Revolution in the 1800s marked a significant turning point in history, as it brought about groundbreaking advancements and transformations that shaped the world we know today. The Engine House at GWR Works in Swindon (BB94_04685) stands tall as a testament to this era of innovation and progress. Meanwhile, deep within the coal mines of England during the 1850s, workers toiled tirelessly to extract precious resources that fueled industrial growth. In British factories across the nation, skilled artisans blew glass with precision and finesse, showcasing their craftsmanship amidst the bustling atmosphere of production. A Factoryscape in the Potteries captured by lens in 1938 reveals a landscape dominated by chimneys spewing smoke into an ever-changing sky. Crewe Station emerged on July 4th, 1837, marking its inauguration alongside the opening of the Grand Junction Railway. This transportation hub became a symbol of connectivity and facilitated trade between cities like never before. Victorian London was notorious for its shady corners where both wealth and poverty coexisted side by side. A Punch cartoon immortalizes Faraday's brilliance as he presents his card to Father Thames himself - an engraving capturing scientific discovery intertwining with nature's elements. Arkwright's Cotton Mills illuminated Cromford, Derbyshire when night fell; these mills were beacons of productivity powered by George Stephenson's revolutionary locomotive "The Rocket" from 1829. Glass factory workers throughout Britain during this period showcased their dedication while shaping molten material into exquisite forms that adorned homes worldwide. These glimpses into our past remind us how far we have come thanks to those who dared to dream big during this transformative age known as the Industrial Revolution.