Cold Sea Collection

Mackerel icefish, Champsocephalus gunnari, swimming under ice. Unlike other vertebrates
Antarctic butterfish or Bluenose warehou, Hyperoglyphe antarctica. They can grow to 1.4 m in length Date: 22-Nov-19

Ocellated icefish, Chionodraco rastrospinosus, resting on seabed under ice
Mackerel icefish, Champsocephalus gunnari, with mouth open. Unlike other vertebrates, fish of the An Date: 16-Nov-19

Barbled plunderfish, Artedidraco shackletoni. The Artedidraconidae, are endemic to the continental shelf of
European brook lamprey, Lampetra planeri, mouth detail. They live in clear, well-oxygenated brooks. Date: 25-Dec-14

Sharp-spined notothenia, Trematomus pennellii. He lives between 0 and 700 m deep
Eastern mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki. Mature female eating mosquito larvae at surface. Introduce Date: 26-Nov-19

Antarctic butterfish or Bluenose warehou, Hyperoglyphe antarctica. They can grow to 1
European river lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis. Mouth detail. Is found in coastal waters around almost Date: 15-Dec-18

Acanthodraco dewitti. Is a species of Antarctic dragonfish native to the Southern Ocean including the Ross Sea
Common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rive Date: 14-Nov-15

Bald notothen or bald rockcod, Pagothenia borchgrevinki, swimming close to surface
American eel, Anguilla rostrata. Occurs in streams, rivers, muddy or silt-bottomed lakes usually in Date: 24-Nov-19

Jonah's icefish, Neopagetopsis ionah, swimming under ice. Unlike other vertebrates
European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Inhabits all types of habitats from streams to shores of large rive Date: 21-Nov-19

Ploughfish, Gymnodraco acuticeps. Is a species of Antarctic dragonfish found at depths of from 0 to 550 m (0 to 1)
Bald notothen or bald rockcod, Pagothenia borchgrevinki, under surface ice. Is often found along the Date: 21-Nov-19

Crocodile icefish, Pagetopsis maculatus, eating Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)
Mackerel icefish, Champsocephalus gunnari, swimming under ice. Unlike other vertebrates, fish of the Date: 17-Nov-19

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In the frigid depths of the cold sea, a fascinating world unfolds beneath the icy surface. Here, amidst the frozen expanse, unique creatures thrive in an environment that challenges conventional understanding. Among them is the Mackerel icefish, Champsocephalus gunnari, gracefully swimming under the ice. Unlike other vertebrates, this Antarctic icefish family member does not rely on haemoglobin to transport oxygen throughout its body; instead, it has evolved alternative mechanisms to survive in these extreme conditions. Similarly defying expectations is the Blackfin icefish, Chaenocephalus aceratus. Gliding effortlessly through icy waters, it too belongs to this extraordinary Channichthyidae family that eschews haemoglobin for oxygen transportation. Resting peacefully on the seabed under layers of ice is another remarkable creature -the Ocellated icefish, Chionodraco rastrospinosus. Like its counterparts in this enigmatic fish family known as Channichthyidae, it relies on unconventional means to sustain itself without haemoglobin's assistance. Venturing further into these subzero depths reveals yet more intriguing inhabitants. The Barbled plunderfish or Artedidraco shackletoni calls the continental shelf of the Southern Ocean home and thrives within its icy embrace near Ross Sea. The Sharp-spined notothenia Trematomus pennellii prefers life between 0 and 700 meters deep. These adults reside on seafloors and spawn during summer months while feasting primarily on errant polychaetes but also indulging in amphipods, fish eggs and mollusks from their surroundings in Ross Sea. Another notable resident of these chilly waters is none other than the Antarctic butterfish or Bluenose warehou Hyperoglyphe antarctica. With potential lengths reaching up to 4 meters and weights exceeding 50 kilograms; these majestic creatures have been studied extensively.