Crenellated Collection (#6)

Palazzo Vecchio (photo)
KAB177379 Palazzo Vecchio (photo) by Italian School; Piazza della Signoria, Florence, Italy; eDario Grimaldi; Italian, out of copyright

Joust practice, Compton Wynyates, Warwick, mid 1600s, from
STC425559 Joust practice, Compton Wynyates, Warwick, mid 1600s, from Architecture of the Middle Ages, published 1838 (colour litho) by Nash

Newstead Abbey, from R. Ackermanns (1764-1834) Repository of Arts
STC119582 Newstead Abbey, from R. Ackermanns (1764-1834) Repository of Arts, 1827 (colour engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

The Eagle Tower, Caernarvon Castle, 1802 (oil on canvas)
HOL32775 The Eagle Tower, Caernarvon Castle, 1802 (oil on canvas) by Barker, Benjamin (1776-1838); 62.3x74 cm; The Holburne Museum, Bath

Panoramic View of Tarragona, Spain (pen and ink and w / c on paper)
AMO150852 Panoramic View of Tarragona, Spain (pen and ink and w/c on paper) by Wyngaerde, Anthonis van den (fl.1510-72); Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, UK; eAshmolean Museum; Netherlandish

Exterior view of the Palazzo Communale, Montepulciano
BEN85588 Exterior view of the Palazzo Communale, Montepulciano by Michelozzo di Bartolommeo (1396-1472); Palazzo Comunale, Montepulciano, Italy; Photo eRaffaello Bencini; Italian, out of copyright

St. Johns College, Oxford (oil on panel)
OJ12463 St. Johns College, Oxford (oil on panel) by Ince, Joseph Murray (1806-59); Private Collection; eAckermann Johnson; Welsh, out of copyright

View of Piazza di San Firenze and Piazza Santa Croce, Florence (w / c on paper)
419888 View of Piazza di San Firenze and Piazza Santa Croce, Florence (w/c on paper) by Poggi, Giuseppe (1811-1901) and Sanesi, Nicola (1818-89); Museo di Firenze Com era, Florence

Crossbow practice, Penhurst Place, Kent, in the 17th century
STC429635 Crossbow practice, Penhurst Place, Kent, in the 17th century, from Architecture of the Middle Ages, published 1838 (colour litho) by Nash

Bamborough Castle (oil on canvas)
STC468898 Bamborough Castle (oil on canvas) by Nesfield, William Andrews (1793-1881); Private Collection; (add.info.: A Norman fortification at Bamburgh, Northumberland)

The Torre de Belem, built c. 1514 (photo) (detail of 237479)
KW254723 The Torre de Belem, built c.1514 (photo) (detail of 237479) by Arruda, Francisco de (c.1480-1547); Lisbon, Portugal; (add.info)

Looking onto the Quadrangle at Windsor, from a compilation of views of Windsor
STC251583 Looking onto the Quadrangle at Windsor, from a compilation of views of Windsor, Eton and Virginia Water, c.1825-30 (colour litho) by Daniell

The castle battlements (photo)
JFS249971 The castle battlements (photo) by Spanish School, (15th century); Almodovar del Rio, Andalucia, Spain; eJohn Ferro Sims; Spanish, out of copyright

Whitnash Church and Tree, Leamington (colour photo)
3095004 Whitnash Church and Tree, Leamington (colour photo) by English Photographer, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Whitnash Church and Tree, Leamington)

South Front, Windsor Castle (b / w photo)
3094921 South Front, Windsor Castle (b/w photo) by English Photographer, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: South Front, Windsor Castle)

St Peters Church, Sheringham (colour photo)
3093900 St Peters Church, Sheringham (colour photo) by English Photographer, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: St Peters Church, Sheringham)

Design from Magazine of Garden Gems by G. van Laar
618007 Design from Magazine of Garden Gems by G. van Laar, published 1802 (colour litho) by Dutch School, (19th century); Private Collection; The Stapleton Collection; Dutch, out of copyright

Palazzo Vecchio, or the Palazzo della Signoria, Florence
STC134506 Palazzo Vecchio, or the Palazzo della Signoria, Florence, from Fragments d Architecture du Moyen Age et de la Renaissance

Court of the Myrtles (Patio de los Arrayanes) and the Tower of Comares
STC136057 Court of the Myrtles (Patio de los Arrayanes) and the Tower of Comares, from Sketches and Drawings of the Alhambra, engraved by William Gauci (fl.1825-54), 1835 (litho) by Lewis

The Tower of Comares (Torre de Comares), from Sketches
STC136061 The Tower of Comares (Torre de Comares), from Sketches and Drawings of the Alhambra, engraved by James Duffield Harding (1798-1863), 1835 (litho) by Lewis

Luscombe Castle, Devon (colour litho)
STC156445 Luscombe Castle, Devon (colour litho) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: seat of Charles Hoare (1799-1804); built by John Nash (1752-1835);

The Courtrai Chest depicting the attack of the Courtrai garrison
NCO179789 The Courtrai Chest depicting the attack of the Courtrai garrison, during the Battle of the Golden Spurs, fought in Courtrai in 1302 (wood) (detail) by Flemish School

St. Jamess Palace, from The History of the Royal Residences
STC170316 St. Jamess Palace, from The History of the Royal Residences, engraved by Richard Reeve (b.1780), by William Henry Pyne (1769-1843), 1819 (litho) by Wild

Moyamensing Prison, Philadelphia, 1840 (litho)
AKM203505 Moyamensing Prison, Philadelphia, 1840 (litho) by Wild, John Caspar (c.1804-46); Philadelphia History Museum at the Atwater Kent; (add.info)

Carliol Tower, Newcastle upon Tyne (bodycolour on paper)
1214575 Carliol Tower, Newcastle upon Tyne (bodycolour on paper) by Teasdale, John (1848-1926); 19.6 x25.5 cm; Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK; eTyne & Wear Archives & Museums; British

The Old Tower, Broadway, Worcestershire (colour photo)
3094847 The Old Tower, Broadway, Worcestershire (colour photo) by English Photographer, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: The Old Tower, Broadway, Worcestershire)

Windsor Castle: Terrace looking westward (w / c on paper)
810332 Windsor Castle: Terrace looking westward (w/c on paper) by Sandby, Paul (1725-1809); Private Collection; The Stapleton Collection; English, out of copyright

The Fort by the Port at Tientsin, 1665 (engraving)
468792 The Fort by the Port at Tientsin, 1665 (engraving) by Nieuhoff, Johannes (17th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

Landscape with a fortified town (ink & wash on paper)
XIR391430 Landscape with a fortified town (ink & wash on paper) by Claude Lorrain (Claude Gellee) (1600-82); Musee Bonnat, Bayonne, France; (add.info.: Landscape with a fortified city; ); French

West front of Kings College, Aberdeen as it was in the 19th century
KW387021 West front of Kings College, Aberdeen as it was in the 19th century, showing the chapels crown tower, from A Short History of the English People by J. R

Entry into Jerusalem (fresco)
702981 Entry into Jerusalem (fresco) by Master Trecentesco of Sacro Speco School (14th Century); Monastero di San Benedetto (Santuario Sacro Spero), Subiaco, Rome, Lazio

The South Front of Strawberry Hill, 18th century (w / c, pen & ink on paper)
AMO117224 The South Front of Strawberry Hill, 18th century (w/c, pen & ink on paper) by Sandby, Paul (1725-1809); 26.9x36.9 cm; Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford

View of the palace and exterior walls (photo)
KW237473 View of the palace and exterior walls (photo) by Portuguese School, (16th century); Palacio Nacional da Pena, Sintra

View of Conway Castle, Caernarvonshire, from A Voyage Around Great Britain
STC267592 View of Conway Castle, Caernarvonshire, from A Voyage Around Great Britain Undertaken between the Years 1814 and 1825, published 1815 (coloured engraving) by Daniell

Hurstmontceaux Castle, Sussex (w / c)
AGN268107 Hurstmontceaux Castle, Sussex (w/c) by Buckler, John Chessell (1793-1894); 63.5x45.7 cm; Private Collection; Photo eAgnew s, London; English, out of copyright

The Inner Court of Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, looking North-East, 1822 (w / c)
MAL85770 The Inner Court of Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, looking North-East, 1822 (w/c) by Buckler, John Chessell (1793-1894); 27.3x36.2 cm; Mallett Gallery, London, UK; eMallett Gallery

Mount Edgecumbe, from Ackermanns Repository of Arts
STC181157 Mount Edgecumbe, from Ackermanns Repository of Arts, published 1826 (colour litho) by Gendall, John (1790-1865) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

Octagon Tower, from the south, built 1322 (photo)
MAE170017 Octagon Tower, from the south, built 1322 (photo) by English School, (14th century); Ely Cathedral, Ely, Cambridgeshire

Windsor Castle, engraved by Johannes Kip (c. 1652-1722) (engraving)
STC192760 Windsor Castle, engraved by Johannes Kip (c.1652-1722) (engraving) by Knyff, Leonard (1650-1721) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

View of the Monastery, founded in 1340 (photo)
KW198663 View of the Monastery, founded in 1340 (photo) by Spanish School, (14th century); Guadalupe, Caceres Province, Spain; Spanish, out of copyright

The Monastery, 1340 (photo)
KW198660 The Monastery, 1340 (photo) by Spanish School; Guadalupe, Caceres Province, Spain; (add.info.: sacked by the French in 1809; ); Spanish, out of copyright

Detail of the Crowd, Shrine of St. Zenobius, 1432-35 (bronze)
875237 Detail of the Crowd, Shrine of St. Zenobius, 1432-35 (bronze) by Ghiberti, Lorenzo (1378-1455); Museo dell Opera del Duomo, Florence, Tuscany, Italy; eGiuliano Valsecchi; Italian

Tregenna Castle Hotel, St Ives, Cornwall (b / w photo)
3094660 Tregenna Castle Hotel, St Ives, Cornwall (b/w photo) by English Photographer, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Tregenna Castle Hotel, St Ives, Cornwall)

Thornfield Hall from Jane Eyre (b / w photo)
3093801 Thornfield Hall from Jane Eyre (b/w photo) by English Photographer, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Thornfield Hall from Jane Eyre)

The city walls (photo)
XIR201661 The city walls (photo) by Spanish School, (12th century); Avila, Castilla y Leon, Spain; (add.info.: 8 gates and 88 towers; ); Spanish, out of copyright

The Crucifixion, c. 1340 / 1345. Creator: Paolo Veneziano
The Crucifixion, c. 1340/1345

Damascus Gate, Jerusalem, 1842-44. Creator: Joseph Philibert Girault De Prangey
Damascus Gate, Jerusalem, 1842-44

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Crenellated structures can be found all around the world, from London's City Gates to Warwick Castle in 1760. Even University College in Galway City, Republic of Ireland boasts crenellations on its walls. Allington Castle near Maidstone, Kent and Knole's Green Court West are also adorned with these distinctive architectural features. Traveling further afield, Jerusalem's Jaffa Gate proudly displays crenellations that have stood the test of time. Meanwhile, Doonagore Castle in Co Clare, Ireland offers a breathtaking view of the Atlantic Ocean from its 16th-century tower house. Closer to home, St Mary's Church in Stone near Dartford showcases intricate crenellated details that add charm to its structure. Nelson's Tower in Forres is another example of this design element and was even documented during A Voyage Around Great Britain Undertaken between. Across the pond in Buffalo, New York State stands the impressive 74th Regiment Armory with its own crenellated facade. And let us not forget Hampton Court whose north-west view reveals stunning crenellations dating back centuries. Finally, journeying to Asia brings us to India where numerous buildings feature these unique battlements as part of their architecture. Crenellated structures truly span across continents and cultures alike - a testament to their enduring appeal throughout history.