Gene Expression Collection (page 2)

Heat shock transcription factor and DNA C015 / 5558
Heat shock transcription factor and DNA. Molecular model of the binding domain region (purple) of a heat shock protein transcription factor bound to DNA (pink, deoxyribonucleic acid)

DNA MassARRAY analysis C015 / 6522
DNA MassARRAY analysis. Close-up of a Sequenom DNA MassARRAY machine. MassARRAY platforms are used for SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) genotyping

DNA MassARRAY analysis C015 / 6520
DNA MassARRAY analysis. Technician holding a chip from a Sequenom DNA MassARRAY machine. MassARRAY platforms are used for SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) genotyping

DNA MassARRAY analysis C015 / 6521
DNA MassARRAY analysis. Close-up of a Sequenom DNA MassARRAY machine. MassARRAY platforms are used for SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) genotyping

DNA MassARRAY analysis C015 / 6518
DNA MassARRAY analysis. Technician filling sample plates with resin in a molecular epidemiology lab before running it through a Sequenom DNA MassARRAY machine

DNA MassARRAY analysis C015 / 6519
DNA MassARRAY analysis. Technician holding chips from a Sequenom DNA MassARRAY machine. MassARRAY platforms are used for SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) genotyping

DNA MassARRAY analysis C015 / 6517
DNA MassARRAY analysis. Technician filling sample plates with resin in a molecular epidemiology lab before running it through a Sequenom DNA MassARRAY machine

Androgen receptor, molecular model C015 / 6113
Androgen receptor. Molecular model of the DNA-binding region of an androgen receptor (purple and red) complexed with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, blue and orange)

Androgen receptor, molecular model C015 / 6112
Androgen receptor. Molecular model of the DNA-binding region of an androgen receptor (purple and brown) complexed with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, turquoise and red)

Tryptophan repressor bound to DNA C015 / 6243
Tryptophan repressor bound to DNA. Molecular model of the tryptophan (trp) repressor (grey and green, and orange and yellow, across bottom) bound to DNA (deoxyribonucleic) molecules (blue and orange)

Tryptophan repressor bound to DNA C015 / 6242
Tryptophan repressor bound to DNA. Molecular model of the tryptophan (trp) repressor (purple and green, and pink and beige, across bottom) bound to DNA (deoxyribonucleic) molecules (blue and orange)

Methyltransferase and DNA C015 / 5704
Methyltransferase and DNA. Molecular model of the enzyme HhaI methyltransferase (purple) complexed with a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, orange and green)

Methyltransferase and DNA C015 / 5703
Methyltransferase and DNA. Molecular model of the enzyme HhaI methyltransferase (purple) complexed with a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow and green)

Chromatin remodelling factor and DNA C015 / 5156
Chromatin remodelling factor and DNA, molecular model. The strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are at left and right (both red and green). This chromatin remodelling factor (purple) is ISW1a

Chromatin remodelling factor and DNA C015 / 5155
Chromatin remodelling factor and DNA, molecular model. The strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are at left and right (pink-yellow and green-orange). This chromatin remodelling factor is ISW1a

DNA recognition, molecular model
DNA recognition. Computer model showing MyoD transcription factor, from a mouse (mus musculus), bound to DNA. Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific sequences of DNA

Gene switch, conceptual artwork
Gene switch. Conceptual computer artwork representing a gene switch, showing a switch (red) on one of the arms of a chromosome

RNA interference, computer artwork
RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism of gene expression involving double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA). Double-stranded RNA (or dsRNA), as is seen here

Histone structures, diagram. Histone cores are cylindrical structures around which the genetic molecule DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is wound with other proteins to form chromatin

Animal cell processes, artwork
Animal cell processes. Cutaway artwork showing the structures inside an animal cell and four different processes that take place inside it or on its membrane (all marked by magnifying glasses)

DNA transcription control. Computer model showing a molecule of the FP50 homodimer (green) from NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells)

Transcription factor and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Molecular model showing the 6 zinc fingers of transcription factor IIIA (purple) bound to RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Transription activation of IFN-beta gene. Computer model showing the molecular structure of an enhanceosome (dark green, purple, blue and red) containing the transcription factors IRF-3

Gene switches, conceptual artwork
Gene switches, conceptual computer artwork. Switches on the arm of a chromosome, representing the process of switching specific genes on or off

RNA processing protein, molecular model
RNA processing protein, RNase MRP. Computer model showing the molecular structure of mitochondrial RNase MRP (mitochondrial RNA processing)

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"Unveiling the Secrets of Gene Expression: From Electrophoresis to Microscopic Views" Gene expression, a fundamental process in biology, holds the key to understanding how our genetic information is utilized by cells. Through various techniques and observations, scientists have been able to delve deeper into this intricate mechanism. Electrophoresis of RNA allows researchers to separate and analyze different types of RNA molecules based on their size and charge. This technique provides valuable insights into gene expression patterns within cells and helps unravel the complex network of interactions between genes. Microscopic views offer glimpses into the fascinating world inside developing organisms. One such view captures a blastula during pregnancy, showcasing the early stages of embryonic development where gene expression plays a crucial role in shaping an organism's future. Stochastic gene expression adds another layer to our understanding. Illustrated as C018 / 0906, it highlights the random nature through which genes are activated or repressed within individual cells. This stochasticity contributes to cellular diversity and can influence various biological processes. DNA transcription, illustrated as C018 / 0900, represents one of the central steps in gene expression. It involves converting DNA sequences into messenger RNA (mRNA), which serves as a template for protein synthesis – an essential aspect for cell function. GAL4p activator proteins (C017 / 7009 & C017 / 7008) act as master regulators that control specific genes' activation or repression. These proteins play pivotal roles in studying gene expression regulation mechanisms and uncovering new therapeutic targets for diseases like cancer. The Glycine riboswitch molecule (F007 / 9921 & F007 / 9906) showcases how certain molecules can directly interact with mRNA structures, influencing whether specific genes are expressed or not. Understanding these regulatory elements expands our knowledge about fine-tuning gene activity within cells. Genetics research (F008 / 3192) encompasses diverse studies aimed at unraveling the complexities of gene expression.