Gymnosperms Collection (#3)

Pangea prehistoric landscape, artwork
Pangea prehistoric landscape. Artwork showing a landscape at the time of the Pangea supercontinent (300 to 200 million years ago) during the Paleozoic Era and Mesozoic Era

Red fir (Abies magnifica) trees on a mountainside. Photographed near Winnemucca Lake on the Kit Carson Pass, Sierra Nevada, California, USA

Pine forest, Scotland
Pine forest. Pine (Pinus sp.) trees reflected in a lake. Photographed in Rothiemurchus Forest, Aviemore, Scotland, UK

Pine cone on lichen. Close-up of a cone from a pine (Pinus sp.) tree on reindeer lichen (Cladonia portentosa). Photographed in the UK

Pine forest, abstract image
Pine forest. Abstract photograph of pine (Pinus sp.) trees in Rothiemurchus Forest, Aviemore, Scotland, UK

Juniperus californica tree C014 / 1534
California juniper (Juniperus californica) bushes fruiting. Photographed in Joshua Tree National Park, California, USA, in February

Juniperus californica tree C014 / 1539
California juniper (Juniperus californica) tree. Stunted California juniper tree growing amongst rocks. Photographed in Joshua Tree National Park, California, USA, in February

Yew (Taxus baccata) berries C014 / 0731
Yew (Taxus baccata) berries

Yew (Taxus baccata) leaves and berries C014 / 0730
Yew (Taxus baccata) leaves and berries

Yew (Taxus baccata) leaves and berries C014 / 0721
Yew (Taxus baccata) leaves and berries

Maidenhair tree (Ginkgo biloba) leaf C014 / 0700
Maidenhair tree (Ginkgo biloba) leaf

Open pine cone C014 / 0266
Open pine cone. Pine cone that has opened to release its seeds

Sawyer beetle on a tree trunk
Sawyer beetle. Monochamus sartor beetle on a the trunk of a spruce (Picea sp.) tree. Sawyer beetles (Monochamus sp.) are a genus of longhorn beetles that are found throughout the world

Juniper (Juniperus communis nana) C016 / 3423
Juniper (Juniperus communis nana) in fruit, artwork

Stone pine (Pinus pinea) tree, artwork C016 / 3366
Stone pine (Pinus pinea) tree. Artwork of a stone pine (Pinus pinea) tree, with a close-up showing a cone on a branch

Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) tree C016 / 3365
Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) tree. Artwork of an Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) tree, with a close-up showing a cone on a branch

Silver fir (Abies alba) tree, artwork C016 / 3339
Silver fir (Abies alba) tree. Artwork of a silver fir (Abies alba) tree, with a close-up showing a cone on a branch

Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) cones C016 / 3310
Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) cones. Artwork of female pine cones on an Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) tree

Bolshoi Pit River, Russia C013 / 9145
Aerial view of the taiga (boreal forest) along the banks of the Bolshoi Pit River, Yenisei District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia

Scorpion Fly or Panorpa communis C013 / 7659
Scorpion Flies belong to an order of insects known as the mecoptera, they are mainly predators or consumers of dead organisms

Triassic of Australia, prehistoric scene C013 / 7114
Triassic of Australia. Artwork of a scene on the shores of a lake reconstructed from fossils found in Australia dating from the Triassic (250 to 200 million years ago)

Female pine cone seed, light micrograph
Female pine cone seed. Light micrograph of a section through a seed from a female pine (Pinus sp.) cone, showing the mature embryo and endosperm

Pine root, light micrograph
Pine root. Light micrograph of a section through the root of a pine (Pinus sp.) tree. From outer to inwards: outer layer of peridium (dark red); cortex - made up of parenchyma cells (red)

Female pine cone scale, light micrograph
Female pine cone scale. Light micrograph of a section through a scale from a young ovulate female pine (Pinus sp.) cone, bearing an ovule (upper centre)

Male pine cone, light micrograph
Male pine cone. Light micrograph of a section through a male pine (Pinus sp.) cone, showing two microsporangia (pink) that contain numerous microspore pollen grains (blue)

Female pine cone scales, light micrograph
Female pine cone scales. Light micrograph of a section through two scales from a young ovulate female Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) cone, bearing ovules (large, oval)

Female pine cone, light micrograph
Female pine cone. Light micrograph of a section through a young ovulate female cone from a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) tree, showing ovules (oval, light pink)

Prehistoric forest fire, artwork
Prehistoric forest fire. Artwork of prehistoric invertebrates fleeing towards a pond during a forest fire. The invertebrates include a centipede, a scorpion and numerous cockroaches

Deodar cedar (Cedrus deodara) forest. Photographed in Manali, Himachal Pradesh, India

Araucaria columnaris
Aracuaria columunaris tree. Photographed at the Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Utah juniper tree (Juniperus osteosperma). Photographed in the Wave area of Paria-Vermillion Cliffs National Monument, Arizona, USA

Joint-pine (Ephedra major) blooming in the Sahara Desert, after a wet winter. Photographed in Morocco, in February

Dwarf common juniper (Juniperus communis) branch with berries, on a rock. Photographed on Hurricane Ridge, Olympic National Park, Washington, USA

Western white pines (Pinus monticola)
Western white pine (Pinus monticola) trees on a mountainside. Photographed near Winnemucca Lake on the Kit Carson Pass, Sierra Nevada, California, USA

Mountain forest of mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) trees under heavy snow. Photographed on Mount Hood, Oregon, USA

Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forest
Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forest. Photographed at Lost Lake, Mount Hood, Oregon, USA

Gall on a yew bud
Artichoke gall on a yew bud (Taxus sp.). The rounded structure on the end of a branch (lower right) is caused by a gall fly (Taxomyia taxi). Photographed in England

Fir forest. Pacific silver fur (Abies amabilis) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Photographed in Cone Peak, Oregon, USA

Crimean pine (Pinus nigra pallasiana) covered in snow. Photographed in the Troodos Mountains, Cyprus, in winter

Crimean pines (Pinus nigra pallasiana) covered in snow. Photographed in the Troodos Mountains, Cyprus, in winter

Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) tree

Pine needle, light micrograph
Pine needle. Light micrograph of a transverse section through a leaf (needle) of a pine tree (Pinus sp.). The leaves are needle-like so they present a large surface area for photosynthesis but

Young pine tree stem, light micrograph
Young pine tree stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through a two and a half-year-old stem of a pine tree (Pinus sp.)

Yew tree root, light micrograph
Yew tree root. Light micrograph of a transverse section through a root of a yew tree, (Taxus baccata). Most of the outer cortex (dark blue)

Ginkgo leaf stalk, light micrograph
Ginkgo leaf stalk. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the leaf stalk (petiole) of a ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba)

Pine wood structure, light micrograph
Pine wood structure. Polarised light micrograph of a longitudinal radial section through the stem wood (xylem) of the deal pine tree (Pinus mitis)

Female yew tree flower, light micrograph
Female yew tree flower. Light micrograph of a longitudinal section through a female flower of the yew tree (Taxus baccata)

Cedar tree stem, light micrograph
Cedar tree stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through a stem of a cedar tree (Thujopsis dolobrata). The four ridges on the outer surface are microphyllous leaves

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Gymnosperms, a fascinating group of plants, encompass a wide range of species that display unique characteristics and captivating beauty. Take for instance the Taxus baccata, commonly known as the Common Yew tree. Its dark green foliage and red berries add an enchanting touch to any landscape. The Ginkgo biloba, also known as the Maidenhair tree, boasts leaves that are truly remarkable. Their fan-like shape and vibrant yellow color make them stand out in any garden or park. Pine pollen grains, when observed under a light microscope, reveal intricate patterns and structures that showcase nature's artistry. Similarly, examining a pine stem at a microscopic level unveils its complex internal structure and strength. In the Lammermuir Hills of Berwickshire, Scotland stands an awe-inspiring row of Larch trees amidst flowering heather moorland. The misty sunrise adds an ethereal quality to this breathtaking scene. During winter on Vancouver Island in Canada, Western Red Cedar showcases its resilience by donning delicate frost crystals on its branches. This stunning sight is both fragile and enduring at the same time. The Irish yew Fastigiata Aureomarginata is another gem among gymnosperms with its golden-edged evergreen needles adding elegance to gardens across Ireland. Scots pine trees in Torridon create an enchanting atmosphere as they emerge from the mist during sunrise in Beinn Eighe National Nature Reserve. These majestic giants command attention with their towering presence. Yew berries found in Berwickshire offer not only visual appeal but also serve as important food sources for wildlife during September months when other resources may be scarce. European larch trees exhibit female cones that are both beautiful and functional; these cones play a vital role in reproduction while adding aesthetic value to Bannogue Bridge in County Down.