Homo Sapiens Collection (#6)

Homo sapiens, human and Gorilla gorilla, western gorilla
Drawing of a human skeleton and a gorilla skeleton. Published in Transactions of the Zoological Society of London Vol. 5, Part 1 by Richard Owen, 1866

Homo erectus cranium (Ngandong 12)
The cranium (cast) of a young adult male discovered at Ngandong on the Solo River terrace near Randublatung, Java. It was excavated by C. ter Haar and team in 1931-33. This specimen dates back c

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 139) maxillae
Adult modern human maxillae excavated from Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset dated at around 14, 000 to 12, 000 years old, (Creswellian)

Trichinella spiralis, parasitic roundworm
This parasitic, nematode roundworm (Trichinella spiralis) infects a wide variety of mammals, including man

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 22 / 87)
Adolescent human maxillae excavated from Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset dated at around 14, 000 to 12, 000 years old, (Creswellian)

Homo sapiens cranium (Omo 2)
Frontal view of a cranium belonging to Archaic Homo sapiens dating back to 130, 000 years ago. This specimen is a cast of the skull known as Omo 2 discovered in 1967 at the Omo River, Ethiopia

Homo sapiens cranium (Omo 1)
A reconstruction of Homo sapiens skull discovered By the team of Richard Leakey in 1967. Location: Kibish, north west of Kenya Camp near Shiangoro Village east of River Omo

Homo sapiens cranium (Border Cave 1)
Lateral view of cast of a Homo sapiens skull discovered at Liujiang (or Liukiang), Kwangsi Province, China by farm workers in 1958. Upper Pleistocene 130, 000-12, 000 BP

Homo erectus, Java man
A model of Homo erectus, known as Java man, based on fossil evidence found in archaeological sites along the Solo River, Indonesia. The fossils date back to around 500, 000 to 800, 000 years ago

Homo erectus, Peking man
A model head of Homo erectus known as Peking man, based upon evidence discovered at Zhoukoudian Cave (Locality 1), China dating back 500, 000 years. This model was created by Maurice Wilson

Human Brain Display

Pediculus humanus, human head louse
Scanning electron microscope image of a human head louse (x 60). These external parasites use their hook-like claws to grip the hair

Velcro
A trademarked name for a fastening tape made up of a strip of nylon with a surface of minute hooks, that fasten to another strip with a surface of uncut pile. A SEM image

Modern Homo sapiens, Cheddar Man
A reconstruction of Cheddar Man based upon the fossil evidence of Modern Homo sapiens discovered at Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset. This model was created at the University of Manchester

Homo sapiens (Wadjak 1) cranium
Frontal view of cast of cranium belonging to adult female Homo sapiens (Wadjak 1) living about 6, 000 years ago discovered in Wadjak, East Java, Indonesia

Human bones found at Abu Hureyra

Homo sapiens (Singa 1) cranium endocast
An endocast of a heavily mineralized cranium once belonging to that of Homo sapiens who lived about 130, 000 years ago. This specimen was discovered in Singa, Sudan by W.R.G. Bond in 1924

Demodex uncii, follicle mite
A follicle mite magnified X600. The follicle mite is a worm-like microscopic mite which lives in the follicles and sebaceous gland of most humans

Human hair
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing a human hair with the cuticle reflexed

Flint tool from the Pakefield excavation site. Manmade stone tools have been discovered in Suffolk, in the UK, and indicate humans were living there at least 680, 000 years ago

Pakefield flint tools
Flint tools from the Pakefield excavation site. Manmade stone tools have been discovered in Suffolk, in the UK, and indicate humans were living there at least 680, 000 years ago

Flint tools from the Pakefield excavation site. Manmade stone tools have been discovered in Suffolk, in the UK, and indicate humans were living there at least 680, 000 years ago

Sivapithecus indicus
Illustration by Maurice Wilson of Sivapithecus indicus, thick coated enamelled apes from Turkey and Indo-Pakistan dating from 13 million years ago

Homo sapiens (Predmosti) & Homo neanderthalensis (La Ferrass

The Clacton Spear
This spear is named after Clacton-on-sea which is where it was discovered in 1911. It dates back 450, 000 years old making it the oldest wooden spear to have been found in the British Isles

Paranthropus sp. (left) and Homo erectus (right)
Illustration by Maurice Wilson. 2 to 1.5 million years ago parts of Africa were populated by these two hominids. Paranthropus foraged peacefully but here is threatened by Homo erectus

Homo sapiens, Red Lady of Paviland (Paviland 1)
A Femur stained red with ochre from the oldest known modern human burial in Britain which dates back 26, 500 years. The specimen has been named The Red Lady of Paviland

Homo sapiens cranium (Piltdown 1)
Two pieces that represent the Piltdown 1 cranium held at The Natural History Museum, London. This specimen was reported as being discovered at Piltdown

Homo sapiens molars (Piltdown 1)
Examination of the Piltdown dentition revealed that the molars which had been claimed to have been discovered in 1913 were abraded to make them appear older. They were in fact molars from an Orangutan

Homo sapiens skeleton (Omo 1)
The skeleton of Homo sapiens discovered by Richard Leakeys team in 1967 at Kibish, north west of Camp Kenya, East of the Omo River, Eithiopia. Dated 130, 000 years old

H. heildebergensis & H. sapiens (Broken Hill 1, Florisbad 1
L to R: Homo heildebergensis (Broken Hill 1) male adult cranium, Homo sapiens (Florisbad 1) adult cranium, Homo sapiens sapiens (Fish Hoek 1) illustrating the evolution of Modern Man

Ilium of Homo heildebergensis (Broken Hill) and of Modern Ho
Superior view comparison of pelvis of Homo heidelbergensis, (Broken Hill) E719 dating back 130, 000 discovered at Broken Hill, Zambia, with a recent British (Homo sapiens) pelvis

Homo sapiens crania comparison
From Upper Cave Zhoukoudian, China (left and middle) and Predmosti, Czech Republic (right). All dated at about 30, 000 years ago, held at The Natural History Museum, London. Photo by Chris Stringer

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 3) cranium
Modern human childs skull with cut marks excavated from Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset. Dated at around 14, 000 to 12, 000 years old, late upper palaeolilthic (Creswellian)

Professor Chris Stringer with four hominid skulls
Top left: Modern Human (Europe). Top right: Modern Human (Africa). Bottom left: Gibraltar Neanderthal, Forbes Quarry. Bottom right: Broken Hiil Skull, Zambia

Homo sapiens cranium (Skhul 5)
Frontal view of a reconstructed cast skull belonging to a male, 30-40 years old Homo sapiens, discovered at Mugharet Es-Skhul, Cave in the Wadi el-Mughara, Mt Carmel, Israel, by T.D

Neotrombicula autumnalis, harvest mite
These harvest mites also known as bracken bugs or chiggers occur in Britain during late summer. The tiny mites attach themselves under tight fitting clothes, feed and then detach causing itchy scabs

Homo sapiens (Ckn. UC. 101) cranium (Zhoukoudian)
Facial view of a cast of a skull belonging to Homo sapiens male. Original specimen was discovered in Upper Cave (Shandingdong), South West of Peking, China. Thought to be around 24, 000 years old

Homo sapiens skull (Italy)
Homo sapiens cranium dating back to around 500 BC, showing the typical morphology fora skull from Italy for the Etruscan period

Homo sapiens cranium (Florisbad 1)
Lateral and frontal view of a cast of a Homo sapiens skull from Florisbad, South Africa. Upper Pleistocene 130, 000-12, 000 BP. Reconstructed by P. Cohen

H. erectus, H. heidelbergensis, H. neanderthalensis, H. sapi
Rear views: Homo erectus ( Sangiran); Homo heidelbergensis ( Broken Hill); Homo neanderthalensis ( La Ferrassie) & Modern Homo sapiens, ( Polynesia)

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 49) mandible
Adolescent modern human mandible found during excavations in Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset, dates back to around 14, 000 - 12, 000 year ago, (Creswellian)

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Homo sapiens, the remarkable species that we are, have come a long way in our evolutionary journey. From the early stages of Australopithecus and Homo habilis to the modern-day Homo sapiens, our development has been nothing short of extraordinary. The sensory homunculus and motor homunculus illustrate how different parts of our body are represented in our brain's cortex. These maps show just how intricately connected we are as beings capable of perceiving and interacting with the world around us. Through various stages in human evolution, we have witnessed significant changes. The discovery of Homo erectus (Sangiran 17) shed light on our ancestors' ability to walk upright, marking a crucial milestone in our development. Coexisting with other subspecies like H. Neanderthalensis further emphasizes the diversity within our lineage. Illustrations showcasing Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and Homo sapiens skulls highlight the gradual transformation from ape-like features to more human-like characteristics over time. Our journey has not only shaped us externally but internally as well – from vital organs like the liver to intricate structures like human cells. Comparisons between primate skulls reveal similarities and differences among species closely related to us. Cro-magnon and Neanderthal skull comparisons provide insights into ancient humans' physical variations while emphasizing their shared ancestry. Artwork depicting hominid reconstructions chronologically showcases how each stage built upon its predecessor – an awe-inspiring testament to millions of years of evolution unfolding before us. However fascinating this story may be, it is essential not to forget about potential threats that still exist today. For instance, Triatoma infestans or 'kissing bug, ' known for transmitting Chagas disease remains a concern even for modern-day homo sapiens. Homo sapiens stand at the pinnacle of biological evolution – a culmination of countless generations adapting and evolving through time.