Mathematics Collection (#54)

Thales of Miletus, Greek philosopher
Thales of Miletus (c.624 BCE- c.546 BCE), Greek philosopher and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. Thales lived at Miletus, an Ionian Greek city in what is now Turkey

Table of mathematical functions
Mathematical functions. A table comparing various simple curves from calculus with elliptical and hyperbolic curves from the analysis of conic sections

Sir Isaac Newton ( 1643-1724), English physicist. Newton was born at Woolsthorpe Manor in Lincolnshire and was educated at Grantham and at Trinity College Cambridge

Trigonometry in distance measurement
Practical trigonometry. 17th century woodcut illustration showing the use of a cross-staff and quadrant for measuring distances

Monument to Pythagoras of Samos, in the harbour at Pythagorio, Samos, Greece. Pythagoras of Samos (born between 580 and 572 BC, died between 500 and 490 BC)

Johannes Kepler monument, Germany
Monument to the German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler (1571-1630). Kepler lived and worked as a mathematics teacher in Graz, Austria between 1594 and 1600

Marquis de Condorcets last meal, artwork. French politician, mathematician and philosopher Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet

Johannes Kepler, German astronomer
Johannes Kepler (1571-1630), German astronomer and mathematician. Kepler lived and worked as a mathematics teacher in Graz, Austria between 1594 and 1600

Gottfried Leibniz, German mathematician
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646-1716), German philosopher and mathematician. Leibnitz has been called the Aristotle of the 17th century due to his interest in all branches of knowledge

Die, artwork
Die, computer artwork

Inca quipu counting device, artwork
Inca quipu counting device. Artwork of part of an Inca quipu (also spelt khipu). This counting device was used by the Inca people of South America in the 15th and 16th centuries

Brain engineering, conceptual image. Computer artwork of a pair of grips holding a human brain, representing creating engineered brains and artificial intelligence

Big Bang probability, conceptual image. Computer artwork of two dice emanating from an explosion, representing the chance of the Big Bang having occurred

Dice, artwork
Dice, computer artwork

Bertrand Russell, caricature
Bertrand Russell. Caricature of the British mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Arthur William Russell (1872-1970), the third Earl of Russell

Maimonides, Jewish philosopher
Maimonides statue. Moshes Ben Maimon (Maimonides, 1135-1204), born in Cordoba, was a Jewish rabbi and philosopher. He wrote the Mishneh Torah (1180), the first systematic code of all Jewish law

Francois Viete, French mathematician
Francois Viete (1540-1603), French mathematician. Viete trained as a lawyer, but abandoned the legal profession in 1564 to be a private tutor

Storm waves, chaos model. This artwork was generated using non-linear transformations in the plane. This involved random vertical

Jean D Alembert, French mathematician
Jean D Alembert (1717-1783), French mathematician. D Alembert graduated from Mazarin College, Paris, France, in 1735 and was admitted to the Academy of Sciences in 1741

Bernoulli brothers, Swiss mathematicians
Bernoulli brothers, 17th century Swiss mathematicians. At right is Jean (Johann) Benoulli (1667-1748). At left is Jacques (Jacob) Bernoulli (1654-1705)

Leonhard Eulers rescue from a fire, 1771
Leonhard Euler (1707-1783), Swiss mathematician, being rescued from a fire in 1771. Eulers house was burned down during the Great Fire of St Petersburg, Russia

Bernard de Fontenelle, French writer
Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle (1657-1757), French writer. Fontenelle wrote extensively on the history and philosophy of mathematics and science

Uniform tiling pattern. This tiling pattern is called truncated hexagonal tiling and has one triangle and two dodecagons (12 sides) on each vertex (corner)

Shell geometry, 16th century artwork. The lines from the shell (bottom) demonstrate the connection between geometry and design

Cube perspectives, 16th century artwork. The lines show the perspectives of a cube seen from two different angles. Woodcut from the book Institutiones geometricae (Paris)

Measuring device, 16th century artwork. This is a quadrangulum and lanceolam. Woodcut from the book Institutiones geometricae (Paris)

Joseph Fourier, French mathematician
Joseph Fourier. Portrait of the French mathematician Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier, (1768-1830). Fourier devised the Fourier series and the Fourier Integral Theorem

Compass and dividers on a map
Navigational compass and dividers (also called a measuring compass, lower left) on a map

Toy maze

Laura Bassi, Italian physicist
Laura Bassi (1771-1778), Italian physicist. Bassi was appointed Professor of Physics at Bologna University aged 21 and was the first women to hold the post

Sophie Germain (1776- 1831)
Sophie Germain, (1776-1831) French mathematician, number theorist and physicist. She overcame her lack of formal training

Marguerite de la Sabliere, arts patron
Marguerite de la Sabliere (c.1636-1693), French arts patron. De la Sabliere was a friend and patron of artists, writers and scientists

Zero - concept and symbol
Zero, symbolised by the numeric character 0, is both a number and a numerical digit that acts as a placeholder in place-number value systems

Scientific calculator. This electronic device can be used to carry out advanced mathematical calculations, and can also be programmed to carry out series of calculations

Aryabhata mathematician and astronomer
Artists impression of Aryabhata, 5th century Hindu mathematician and astronomer. Aged 23, he wrote his major work " Aryabhatiya" in 499 CE

Development of Arabic numerals. Table illustrating the development and spread of numerals from the 1st to 14th centuries AD

Sir Isaac Newton, English physicist
Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1724), English physicist. Newton was born at Woolsthorpe Manor in Lincolnshire and was educated at Grantham and at Trinity College Cambridge

Leonardo Fibonacci, Italian mathematician
Leonardo Fibonacci statue. The Italian mathematician Leonardo Fibonacci (c.1170-c.1250) travelled widely throughout the Mediterranean world and studied under leading Arab mathematicians

Classical chaos

Torus. Computer model of the three-dimensional projection (or shadow) of a 4-dimensional torus, a mathematical shape. The projection is covered in holes to show the looping intersecting structure

Spatial dimensions, conceptual artwork
Spatial dimensions. Conceptual artwork titled Through Dimensions, showing the changes of geometric objects with different dimensions

Wave patterns. Computer artwork of wave patterns based on the sine wave. The sine wave is the basic periodic wave function

Chaos map. Computer model of a " chaotic map". This image was produced by Eric Heller, professor of physics at Harvard University, USA

Torus

Sine waves. Conceptual image of overlapping sine waves on a monitor. The level of current produced by an AC (alternating current)

Classical and quantum chaos. Computer models of two types of chaos. The sphere (upper left) is a random wave, an example of quantum chaos. It is formed by the random addition of quantum waves

Torus. Computer model of a mathematical shape known as a torus. A torus is a four-dimensional object but it is seen here as a three-dimensional object

Chaos map. Computer model of chaos produced by a repeated mathematical operation (iteration) called mapping. Mathematical mapping involves repeating rules that tell you how to change the original

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"Mathematics: Unveiling the Beauty of Numbers and Patterns" Step into the mesmerizing world of mathematics, where intricate shapes and complex equations intertwine to reveal the secrets of our universe. From the captivating Mandelbrot Set, a masterpiece of fractal geometry, to the enchanting 19th-century Moroccan wall feature adorned with mathematical motifs, every corner holds a story waiting to be unraveled. Behold the Fibonacci spiral, an artwork that showcases nature's hidden harmony through its perfectly balanced curves. As we delve deeper into history, we encounter brilliant minds like Marie Curie, whose groundbreaking discoveries in science were rooted in her profound understanding of mathematics. Richard Feynman's caricature reminds us of his exceptional contributions to quantum mechanics and his ability to make even the most abstract concepts accessible. Ludwig Wittgenstein's caricature stands as a testament to his philosophical exploration on logic and language intertwined with mathematical reasoning. The Mandelbrot fractal takes us on a journey through infinite complexity within finite boundaries—a visual representation of chaos theory at its finest. Glimpses from Evariste Galois' manuscript remind us of his tragic yet revolutionary work in algebraic equations that laid foundations for modern algebra. Turning pages towards Leonardo Pacciolis' Summa de Arithmetica reveals ancient wisdom passed down generations—an ode to arithmetic's timeless significance. Particle physics equations beckon us into realms unseen—the language used by scientists worldwide to understand fundamental particles shaping our existence. Quasicrystals captivate with their symmetrical patterns defying conventional notions—mathematical wonders discovered only recently but echoing throughout nature since time immemorial. And let us not forget the humble logarithm table—a tool that revolutionized calculations across countless disciplines. In this vast tapestry woven by numbers and formulas lies humanity's quest for knowledge and understanding. Mathematics is more than just calculations; it is an art form that transcends borders and time, revealing the profound beauty hidden within our world.