Phanerozoic Collection (#4)

Fossil ammonite C016 / 6079
Fossil ammonite (Hoplites sp.). This is a stongly-ribbed Cretaceous ammonite. This 7.8 centimetre wide specimen is from was found in Southern England. Natural History Museum, London, UK

Fossil maidenhair tree leaf C016 / 5952
Fossilised maidenhair tree (Ginkgo gardneri) leaf. Speciemn from Ardtun Head, Isle of Mull, UK. Ginkgo gardneri is an extinct relative of the living Ginko biloba

Piltdown Stegodon tooth C016 / 5974
Piltdown Stegodon tooth (item E.596). Part of a molar tooth of the extinct mammal Stegodon. The amateur geologist Charles Dawson (1864-1916) claimed to have found this tooth

Fossil fern frond C016 / 5962
Fossil Matonidium goeperti fern frond. Jurassic fossil leaf found in York, UK. Specimen held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Ammonite fossil C016 / 5776
Ammonite (Aulacostephanus autissiodorensis) ammonite. This is an Upper Jurassic macroconch (larger form) ammonite. Despite some damage to the shell, the fine ribbing is still apparent

Ammonite fossil C016 / 5775
Ammonite (Aulacostephanus autissiodorensis) fossil. This is an Upper Jurassic microconch (small form) ammonite with lappets on the heavily ribbed shell

Nautiloid fossil C016 / 5774
Nautiloid (Bactrites carinatus) fossil. This straight nautiloid originates from the Devonian period (419-358 million years ago) and was found in Germany

Megalosaurus dinosaur jaw C016 / 5697
Megalosaurus jaw. Fragment of a lower jaw from the carnivorous dinosaur Megalosaurus. Throughout the dinosaurs life young teeth pushed up to replace old teeth

Tyrannosaurus rex model C016 / 5700
Tyrannosaurus rex model. This carnivorous dinosaur lived during the Upper Cretaceous period, 67 to 65 million years ago. So far three complete skulls have been found

Fossil horse teeth C016 / 5648
Fossil horse teeth. Fossilised lower cheek teeth of the extinct horse Mesohippus. Mesohippus was a low-crowned browsing species which lived about 33 million years ago

Fossil torvosaurus dinosaur claw C016 / 5621
Fossil torvosaurus dinosaur claw. Torvosaurus, whose name means savage lizard, was a carnivore that lived during the upper Jurassic period. Its fossils have been found in Colorado, USA

Fossil coral C016 / 5619
Fossil (Kodonophyllum truncatum) coral. This specimen dates to the Silurian period and was found in Dudley, West Midlands, UK

Thunderbolt belemnite fossil C016 / 5618
Thunderbolt belemnite (Cylindroteuthis oweni Pratt) fossil. Belemnites are extinct squid like creatures. Specimen from the Upper Jurassic, found in Scarborough, Yorkshire, UK

Fossil scallop shell C016 / 5615
Fossil scallop (Chespecten jeffersonius) shell. This shell originated from the Miocene era, 23-7 million years ago and was found in Maryland, USA

Hominoid and human mandible C016 / 5609
Hominoid and human mandible (lower jaw). Human mandible (left) compared with a Sivapithecus hominoid mandible. Sivapithecus, an extinct ape from the Miocene, lived 9 million years ago

Hominoid cranial fragment C016 / 5608
Hominoid (Sivapithecus meteai) cranial fragment. A lower fragment of the cranium showing the maxilla (upper jaw), incisors, canine, premolars and molars

Fossil bryozoan, SEM C016 / 5602
Fossil bryozoan. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a fossilised bryozoan (Actinopora disticha). Specimen from Cretaceous Chalk, Santonian, Kent, UK

Fossil lobe-finned fish C016 / 5601
Fossil lobe-finned fish (Chirodipterus australis). 374 million year old specimen of the early lobe-finned fish (Cheiopterus australis)

Belemnite fossil C016 / 5598
Belemnite (Belemnitella mucronata) fossil. 71-65 million year old squid-like belemnite specimen from the Late Cretaceous, found in Mstricht, Holland

Giant horsetail leaf fossils C016 / 5599
Fossilised giant horsetail (Asterophyllites grandis)leaves. These specimens date to 320-290 million year old ago in the Late Carboniferous, and were found in Dudley, West Midlands, UK

Fossil amphibian footprints C016 / 5594
Fossil amphibian footprints. Fossil footprints discovered in Yorkshire dating back to the Early Carboniferous period, around 342 to 340 million year ago

Plesiosaur fossil C016 / 5595
Plesiosaur. Fossil reconstruction of Cryptoclidus eurymerus Plesiosaur that lived 165-160 million years ago during the Middle Jurassic. This specimen was discovered in Peterborough, UK

Hypsilophodon dinosaur skeleton C016 / 5586
Mounted skeleton of a Hypsilophodon dinosaur. This dinosaur lived during the Lower Cretaceous period around 125 million years ago

Tyrannosaurus rex model C016 / 5585
Tyrannosaurus rex model. This carnivorous dinosaur lived during the Upper Cretaceous period, 67 to 65 million years ago. So far three complete skulls have been found

Stalk-eyed trilobite fossil C016 / 5560
Stalk-eyed trilobite (Asaphus kowalewskii). A complete 3-dimensional stalk-eyed trilobite fossil measuring approximately 5 centimetress, discovered at Wolchow River, near St. Petersburgh, Russia

Fossil Sphenophyllum plant C016 / 5557
Fossil Sphenophyllum plant. This specimen was discovered in Wales and dates back to the Late Carboniferous period, 300 to 359 million years ago. Natural History Museum, London, UK

Fossil Calamites leaves C016 / 5556
Fossil Calamites (Annularia radiata) leaves. This plants leaves were borne in whorls, approximately 15 millimetres in size

Fossil sand tiger shark teeth C016 / 5551
Fossil sand tiger shark teeth (Odontaspis robusta). Anterior teeth (tall, slender) and lateral teeth (triangular) are shown. Found in Early Eocene rocks, Abbey Wood, Kent

Acacia-like pod, plant fossil C016 / 5531
Acacia-like pod, plant fossil. This 14-centimetre-long specimen is from the Paris Basin, and dates from the Eocene. It is part of the collections held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Steneosaurus crocodilian, fossil skull C016 / 5483
Steneosaurus bollensis crocodilian, fossil skull. This extinct reptile looked similar to modern crocodiles. It lived during the Upper Jurassic period

Palaeoniscus freislebeni, fish fossil C016 / 5439
Palaeoniscus freislebeni, fish fossil. This fossil dates from the Permian, and was found in rocks near Midderidge, Durham, UK

Rhomdeosaurus pliosaur, fossil bones C016 / 5421
Rhomdeosaurus cramptoni pliosaur, fossil bones. Known as the Kettleness specimen, this close-up shows a section of the bones in the rear flipper of this marine reptile

Rose plant fossils, leaves and thorn C016 / 5418
Rose plant fossils. At left are fossilised leaves of the rose plant Rosa hilliiae (Lesquereux), from the Oligocene period (23 to 35 million years ago), and found in Colorado, USA

Priscacara clivosa, fish fossil C016 / 5255
Priscacara clivosa, fish fossil. This fossil dates from the Eocene epoch, around 58 to 37 milion years ago. It was found in Wyoming, USA

Proganochelys turtle, fossil skull C016 / 5256
Proganochelys quenstedti turtle, fossil skull. This species was described by Georg Baur in 1887. It is the oldest known extinct turtle

Pseudoscorpion, Baltic amber fossil C016 / 5161
Pseudoscorpion, Baltic amber fossil. This specimen dates from the Upper Eocene period, about 35 million years ago. It was found in Kaliningrad, Russia

Petrified fern, tree trunk fossil C016 / 5142
Petrified fern. Polished section of a fossil of the trunk of the fern Palaeosmunda williamsonii. This specimen is approximately 4 centimetres across

Isochirotherium reptile, footprint fossil C016 / 5111
Isochirotherium herculis reptile, footprint fossil. Casts of 38-centimetre-long fossil footprints from this extinct reptiles hind feet

Cheirotherium reptile, footprint fossil C016 / 5112
Cheirotherium stortonense reptile, footprint fossil. These footprints, dating from the Triassic, were found in sandstone from Storeton, Cheshire, UK

Rhynchosaurus reptile, footprint fossil C016 / 5110
Rhynchosaurus reptile, footprint fossil. These footprints, dating from the Triassic, were found in Keuper Sandstone from a quarry in Rathbone Street, Liverpool, UK. The slab is 5x6 inches

Titanopteryx pterosaur, wing bone fossils C016 / 5069
Titanopteryx philadelphiae pterosaur, wing bone fossils. The two fossils at top are are fragments of bones forming the elbow joint of this winged reptile

Dicroidium, seed fern fossil C016 / 5054
Dicroidium, seed fern fossil. This specimen, from Queensland, Australia, dates from the Triassic. It is part of the collections held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Geosaurus gracilis, crocodilian fossil C016 / 5053
Geosaurus gracilis, crocodilian fossil. This extinct aquatic crocodylian lived during the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous periods

Ardeosaurus brevipes, lizard fossil C016 / 5046
Ardeosaurus brevipes, lizard fossil cast. This specimen, from the Lithographic Limestone formation, Kimmeridgian, Workerstzell, Bavaria, Germany, dates from the Upper Jurassic period

Pterichthyodes, fish fossil C016 / 5043
Pterichthyodes, fish fossil. This fossil (left) dates from the Devonian period, about 370 million years ago. At right is a paper model built by 19th-century Scottish geologist Hugh Miller (1802-1856)

Homoeosaurus maximiliani, lizard fossil C016 / 5039
Homoeosaurus maximiliani, lizard fossil. This sphenodontid lizard dates from the Triassic period. This specimen was discovered at the Litho Stone formation, Kelheim, Germany

Urogomphus eximus, dragonfly fossil C016 / 4971
Urogomphus eximus, dragonfly fossil. This specimen dates from the Jurassic, about 140 million years ago. It was found in Kimmeridgian Lithographic Stone, in the Solenhofen region of Bavaria, Germany

Eusthenopteron foordi, reptile fossil C016 / 4970
Eusthenopteron foordi, reptile fossil. This specimen shows the head and pectoral fin. This reptile dates from the Upper Devonian. The specimen is from Scaumenac Bay, P.Q. Canada

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"Exploring the Phanerozoic Era: A Journey through Ancient Life and Evolution" Step back in time to the fascinating Phanerozoic era, where an array of extraordinary creatures roamed the Earth. Dive into ancient oceans and encounter majestic marine reptiles like the Plesiosaurus and Ichthyosaurus acutirostris, gracefully gliding through prehistoric waters. Marvel at the intricate beauty of Asteroceras, a fossil ammonite that once inhabited primordial seas. Witness the wonders of continental drift as landmasses shift and reshape our planet's geography over millions of years. Immerse yourself in lush Coal Forest dioramas, where towering Archaeopteris hibernica plants thrived alongside peculiar creatures such as Anoplotherium commune & gracile and Palaeotherium. These unique mammals provide a glimpse into early mammalian evolution during this remarkable period. Discover St. Cuthberts Beads, a rosary made from crinoid columnals that showcases human creativity even amidst ancient times. Unearth rare fossils like Kelloways Stone, which holds secrets about life forms long gone but not forgotten. Witness nature's ingenuity with Archaeopteryx - a feathered dinosaur bridging the gap between reptiles and birds - while soaring above with awe-inspiring Pterodactyls ruling prehistoric skies. The Phanerozoic era is an enchanting chapter in Earth's history when life flourished and evolved in unimaginable ways. Join us on this captivating journey through time to unravel its mysteries and appreciate our planet's rich past.