Philosophical Collection (#3)

Title page of the book "Emile ou l'Education" by Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) written 1762
AIS5351088 Title page of the book "Emile ou l'Education" by Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) written 1762. Volume I (engraving); Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, France; © Iberfoto

Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Oekonomie (Book 1) by Karl Marx title page of the first 1872 Russian language
5669001 Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Oekonomie (Book 1) by Karl Marx title page of the first 1872 Russian language edition of published in 1867; (add.info)

John Bartram (1699-1777) Father of American botany': botanist agriculturist
531990 John Bartram (1699-1777) Father of American botany': botanist agriculturist: original member of American Philosophical Society. Bartram's house near Philadelphia

Aspasia, Greek woman rhetorician and philosopher, was a partner of Pericles, copperplate engraving from Strahlheim
UTD4919432 Aspasia, Greek woman rhetorician and philosopher, was a partner of Pericles, copperplate engraving from Strahlheim

"Portrait du theologien, philosophe espagnol Jean Louis Vives (Joan Lluis Vives ou Ioannes Lodovicus Vives)
AIS5373972 "Portrait du theologien, philosophe espagnol Jean Louis Vives (Joan Lluis Vives ou Ioannes Lodovicus Vives) (1492-1540)" Peinture anonyme. 16eme siecle Madrid

Portrait of Lao Tse (Lao-Tse or Lao-Tzu, Lao Tzu nicknamed old child or Lao master')
BEN5468412 Portrait of Lao Tse (Lao-Tse or Lao-Tzu, Lao Tzu nicknamed old child or Lao master'), a Chinese philosopher who would have lived in the 6th century BC. Painting, 1685

Niccolo di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (Nicolas Machiavelli, 1469-1527): frontispiece of the first edition of " I
FGL5464754 Niccolo di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (Nicolas Machiavelli, 1469-1527): frontispiece of the first edition of " I Discorsi " printed after the death of the author by Antonio Blado

Letter O with Portrait of Averroes (1126 - 1198) Arab philosopher and doctor. 14th century miniature
BEN5464109 Letter O with Portrait of Averroes (1126 - 1198) Arab philosopher and doctor. 14th century miniature. Biblioteca Malatestiana. Cesena

Philosophy: "Buridan's ass" Illustration for paradox. Late 19th century (chromolithograph)
ELD4845084 Philosophy: "Buridan's ass" Illustration for paradox. Late 19th century (chromolithograph).; Private Collection; (add.info)

Blaise Pascal, french mathematician, philosopher, physicist and theologist. 1865 (engraving)
6947900 Blaise Pascal, french mathematician, philosopher, physicist and theologist. 1865 (engraving) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Blaise Pascal (1623-1662)

Rene Descartes, french physicist, mathematician, philosopher. 1865 (engraving)
6947901 Rene Descartes, french physicist, mathematician, philosopher. 1865 (engraving) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Rene Descartes (1596-1650), french physicist

This poor young ragamuffin looks up at the night sky and spects Heavens a very SMART
This poor young ragamuffin looks up at the night sky and " spects Heavens a very SMART place" Date: 1950

Philosophical Text (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unidentified text, parchment. Content seems to be a commentary of philosophical and religious nature. The text on each folio is written in two different but near-contemporary hands

Philosophical Treatise (Fragment)
Half of a leaf, paper. Text in black in three columns in a cursive documentary script. It is heavily abbreviated but appears to be a philosophical text. The top half of the leaf is missing

Treasury Book, 14th century (handwritten)
7415652 Treasury Book, 14th century (handwritten) by Montbaston, Jeanne de (15th century); Bibliotheque de L'Arsenal, Paris

Head of a man on a herm, known as Xenocrates, 2nd century AD (marble)
7146489 Head of a man on a herm, known as Xenocrates, 2nd century AD (marble) by Roman, (2nd century); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany, Italy; (add.info.: Head of a man on a herm)

Portrait of an unknown man, so called Carneades, 250 AD (marble)
7146181 Portrait of an unknown man, so called Carneades, 250 AD (marble) by Roman, (3rd century AD); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany, Italy; (add.info.: Portrait of an unknown man)

Bust with the head of Aristotele, 2nd century AD, (marble and onice)
7146483 Bust with the head of Aristotele, 2nd century AD, (marble and onice) by Roman, (2nd century); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany, Italy; (add.info.: Bust with the head of Aristotele)

Portrait of Marcus Aurelius, first half of the 2nd century AD (marble)
7146215 Portrait of Marcus Aurelius, first half of the 2nd century AD (marble) by Roman, (2nd century); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany, Italy; (add.info.: Portrait of Marcus Aurelius)

Portraits of Martin Luther and Phillip Melanchton, 1543, (oil on panel)
7146436 Portraits of Martin Luther and Phillip Melanchton, 1543, (oil on panel) by Cranach, Lucas the Elder (1472-1553); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany

The calumny of Apelles, 1495 circa, (tempera on wood)
7146327 The calumny of Apelles, 1495 circa, (tempera on wood) by Botticelli, Sandro (Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi) (1444/5-1510); 62x91 cm; Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany

Bust with the head of Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 AD (marble)
7146220 Bust with the head of Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 AD (marble) by Roman, (2nd century); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany, Italy; (add.info.: Bust with the head of Marcus Aurelius)

Empedocle, Dieu suppose. Empedocles, Supposed God, 1929 (engraving)
7315162 Empedocle, Dieu suppose. Empedocles, Supposed God, 1929 (engraving) by Barbier, Georges (1882-1932); Private Collection; (add.info.: Empedocle, Dieu suppose (Empedocles, Supposed God)

Empedocle, Dieu suppose. Empedocles, Supposed God, 1929 (engraving)
7315160 Empedocle, Dieu suppose. Empedocles, Supposed God, 1929 (engraving) by Barbier, Georges (1882-1932); Private Collection; (add.info.: Empedocle, Dieu suppose (Empedocles, Supposed God)

Jerome of Prague. Portrait. 18th century (print)
7315129 Jerome of Prague. Portrait. 18th century (print) by Dutch School, (18th century) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Jerome of Prague, 1379-1416)

Charles de secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, 1783 (marble)
7308577 Charles de secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, 1783 (marble) by Clodion, Claude Michel (1738-1814); Louvre, Paris, France; (add.info.: Charles de secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, 1689 - 1755)

Blaise Pascal, 18th century (Marble)
7308569 Blaise Pascal, 18th century (Marble) by Pajou, Augustin (1730-1809); Louvre, Paris, France; (add.info.: Blaise Pascal, 1623 - 1662, Marble Sculptor: Augustin Pajou 1730 - 1809 Louvre Museum)

Voltaire, 1778 (marble)
7308566 Voltaire, 1778 (marble) by Houdon, Jean-Antoine (1741-1828); Louvre, Paris, France; (add.info.: Voltaire (1694-1778), 1778, Marble Sculptor: Jean Antoine Houdon 1741-1828 Louvre Museum

The Group of Neoplatonic Humanists, detail of the Miracle of the Sacrament'(fresco)
7301180 The Group of Neoplatonic Humanists, detail of the Miracle of the Sacrament (fresco) by Rosselli, Cosimo (1439-1507); Sant Ambrogio, Florence, Tuscany

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was a French politician and founder of the philosophy of mutualism
7278943 Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was a French politician and founder of the philosophy of mutualism by Unknown Artist, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

The Group of Neoplatonic Humanists'(from the left, Marsilio Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola)
7301220 The Group of Neoplatonic Humanists (from the left, Marsilio Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Agnolo Poliziano): detail of the Miracle of the Sacrament, fresco (fresco) by Rosselli

Confucius, 1830 (aquatint)
7272479 Confucius, 1830 (aquatint) by Ferrario, Giulio (1767-1847); (add.info.: CONFUCIUS (551 BC/479 BC) Chinese philosopher and politician

Pythagoras of Samos (engraving)
1700841 Pythagoras of Samos (engraving) by French School; (add.info.: Pythagoras of Samos (c.ÔÇë570 - c.ÔÇë495 BC) was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism

Boethius and Pythagoras of Samos (engraving)
1700775 Boethius and Pythagoras of Samos (engraving) by French School; (add.info.: Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, commonly known as Boethius (c)

Abelard and Heloise
7286225 Abelard and Heloise; Private Collection; (add.info.: Abelard and Heloise. Peter Abelard, c. 1079-1142. Medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, poet)

Friedrich Engels (litho)
1700342 Friedrich Engels (litho) by German School, (19th century); (add.info.: Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 - 5 August 1895), was a German philosopher, critic of political economy, historian

Nikolay Gavrilovich Chernychevsky (colour litho)
1731150 Nikolay Gavrilovich Chernychevsky (colour litho) by Russian School, (19th century); (add.info.: Nikolay Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky[a] (24 July 1828 - 29 October 1889)

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, c. 1885 (b / w photo)
1699439 Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, c.1885 (b/w photo) by Unknown photographer, (19th century); (add.info.: Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) german philosopher and poet c. 1885)

Xenophon of Athens. Portrait. Bust
7269204 Xenophon of Athens. Portrait. Bust.; Private Collection; (add.info.: Xenophon of Athens, c. 430 BC - c.354 BC. Greek philosopher, historian, soldier, mercenary)

Rene Descartes (colour engraving)
1730978 Rene Descartes (colour engraving) by French School; (add.info.: Rene Descartes (1596-1660) french mathematician and philosopher, engraving)

Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (engraving)
1730117 Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (engraving) by Leu, Thomas de (1560-1612); (add.info.: Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533-1592) french writer and philosopher, engraving by Thomas de Leu)

Portrait of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Oil on canvas)
LRI4670239 Portrait of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Oil on canvas) by Altissimo, Cristofano dell (c.1525-1605); Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany

Cook, Rev. Jos. between 1870 and 1880. Creator: Unknown
Cook, Rev. Jos. between 1870 and 1880

Ernest Renan (1823-1892) French writer and historian, photo by Adam Salomon
1728955 Ernest Renan (1823-1892) French writer and historian, photo by Adam Salomon by Adam-Salomon, Antoine-Samuel (1818-81); (add.info)

Heraclitus of Ephesus, portrait
7261219 Heraclitus of Ephesus, portrait. by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (1606-69) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Heraclitus of Ephesus aka The Obscure or The Weeping Philosopher)

Francois Marie Arouet aka Voltaire (pastel on paper)
1728864 Francois Marie Arouet aka Voltaire (pastel on paper) by Tour, Maurice Quentin de la (1704-88); (add.info.: Francois Marie Arouet aka Voltaire (1694-1778) french writer and philosopher

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Delving into the depths of human existence, philosophical minds like Jean-Paul Sartre and David Hume have shaped our understanding of reality. From Socrates' caricatured wisdom to the mind-boggling concept of multiple universes, these thinkers have challenged conventional beliefs. George Berkeley's Irish charm brings forth his idealism while Plato's ancient Greek wisdom continues to inspire generations. With a touch of humor, Baruch Spinoza and Plato in caricature remind us not to take ourselves too seriously as we ponder life's mysteries. John Cowper Powys adds a unique perspective to the philosophical discourse, while Rene Descartes' mathematical genius intertwines with his profound thoughts on existence. Michel De Montaigne invites us to explore our own selves through introspection and self-reflection. In this vast realm of philosophy, where reason meets imagination, these great minds continue to guide us towards deeper understanding and contemplation.