Reformer Collection (#8)

Illustation of Martin Luthers hymn asking for the help of God against the deadly work of the Pope (engraving)
1127192 Illustation of Martin Luthers hymn asking for the help of God against the deadly work of the Pope (engraving) by German School, (16th century); Bibliotheque des Arts Decoratifs, Paris

Schurz, Hon. Carl of Missouri, between 1865 and 1880. Creator: Unknown
Schurz, Hon. Carl of Missouri, between 1865 and 1880

Antoine Barnave (1761-93) (engraving)
XIR241588 Antoine Barnave (1761-93) (engraving) by French School, (18th century); Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, France; (add.info.: leader of Club des Feuillants; )

John Knox the younger(?), Scottish preacher and writer, 16th cen 1798 (engraving)
7237223 John Knox the younger(?), Scottish preacher and writer, 16th cen 1798 (engraving) by Trotter, Thomas (1750-1803); Private Collection; (add.info.: John Knox the younger()

Anne-Louise Germaine Necker, Baroness of Stael-Holstein (engraving)
1720086 Anne-Louise Germaine Necker, Baroness of Stael-Holstein (engraving) by French School, (18th century); (add.info.: Anne Louise Germaine de Stael-Holstein (1766 - 1817)

Anne Morgan, 1915 (b / w photo)
498779 Anne Morgan, 1915 (b/w photo) by Underwood & Underwood (c.1881-1940); Private Collection; (add.info.: Anne Morgan (1873-1952) American philanthropist, suffragist

Caricature of Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919) illustration from Millionaires of America, 1902 (colour litho)
CHT231110 Caricature of Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919) illustration from Millionaires of America, 1902 (colour litho) by Fornaro, Carlo de (1872-1949); Private Collection; © Archives Charmet

Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain (1836-1914) illustration from Twelve Portraits - Second Series
ELB109864 Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain (1836-1914) illustration from Twelve Portraits - Second Series, published 1899 (hand-coloured woodblock) by Nicholson

Elizabeth Montagu, 18th century British social reformer, , 1769 (engraving)
7233685 Elizabeth Montagu, 18th century British social reformer, , 1769 (engraving) by Holloway, Thomas (1748-1827); (add.info.: Mrs)

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss pedagogue and educational reformer, with the orphans of Nidwalden, Switzerland
7148126 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss pedagogue and educational reformer, with the orphans of Nidwalden, Switzerland, 1798 (engraving) by Klimsch

The coronation bounty of Leo IIIs empress
908885 The coronation bounty of Leo IIIs empress by Stewart, Allan (1865-1951); (add.info.: Hutchinsons History of the Nations published Hutchinson & Co circa 1920)

Protestant Reformers, c. 1654 (oil on panel)
736721 Protestant Reformers, c.1654 (oil on panel) by English School, (17th century)

Presbyterian reformer John Knox meeting with Mary, Queen of Scots, 1560s (colour litho)
5208314 Presbyterian reformer John Knox meeting with Mary, Queen of Scots, 1560s (colour litho) by Hassall, John (1868-1948); Private Collection; (add.info)

John Calvin, born Jehan Cauvin, from Living Biographies of Religious Leaders
3960990 John Calvin, born Jehan Cauvin, from Living Biographies of Religious Leaders by Ross, Gordon (1872-1946); (add.info.: John Calvin, born Jehan Cauvin, 1509-1564)

On the threshold of the Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther with the Bible (engraving)
7148062 On the threshold of the Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther with the Bible (engraving) by Lindenschmidt, Wilhelm von (1829-95); Private Collection; (add.info)

Mr George R Sims (colour litho)
5999468 Mr George R Sims (colour litho) by Partridge, Bernard John (1861-1945); Private Collection; (add.info.: Mr George R Sims)

Martin Luther before the Papal Legate Cardinal Thomas Cajetan, Augsburg, Germany, 1518 (engraving)
7148070 Martin Luther before the Papal Legate Cardinal Thomas Cajetan, Augsburg, Germany, 1518 (engraving) by Lindenschmidt

Paris Commune, 22nd January 1871 (engraving)
1720441 Paris Commune, 22nd January 1871 (engraving) by French School, (19th century); (add.info.: The siege of Paris took place from 19 September 1870 to 28 January 1871)

"Peter Porcupine", caricature of English Radical pamphleteer and politician William Cobbett
7148333 " Peter Porcupine", caricature of English Radical pamphleteer and politician William Cobbett, c1809 (engraving) by Gillray

German Protestant reformer Martin Luther playing music at home with his family (engraving)
7148077 German Protestant reformer Martin Luther playing music at home with his family (engraving) by Spangenberg, Gustav Adolph (1828-91); Private Collection; (add.info)

Martin Luther preaching in the open air in Mohra, Thuringia, Germany (engraving)
7148068 Martin Luther preaching in the open air in Mohra, Thuringia, Germany (engraving) by European School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

People reading Martin Luthers 95 Theses nailed to the door of All Saints Church, Wittenberg, Germany, 1517 (engraving)
7148066 People reading Martin Luthers 95 Theses nailed to the door of All Saints Church, Wittenberg, Germany, 1517 (engraving) by German School

Varnishing - a Sign (of "The Times"), satire depicting Lord Chancellor Lord Brougham varrnishing a pub sign
7148294 Varnishing - a Sign (of " The Times" ), satire depicting Lord Chancellor Lord Brougham varrnishing a pub sign bearing the portrait of King William IV

Major Cartwright, the Drum-Major of Sedition, caricature of the reformist politician John Cartwright, 1784 (engraving)
7148350 Major Cartwright, the Drum-Major of Sedition, caricature of the reformist politician John Cartwright, 1784 (engraving) by Rowlandson

Martin Luther translating the Bible at Wartburg Castle, Germany, 1521-1522 (engraving)
7148074 Martin Luther translating the Bible at Wartburg Castle, Germany, 1521-1522 (engraving) by Spangenberg, Gustav Adolph (1828-91); Private Collection; (add.info)

The Repudiation (litho)
7172511 The Repudiation (litho) by Partridge, Bernard (1861-1945) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: The Repudiation)

Martin Luther arriving in Worms to appear before the Imperial Council, 1521 (engraving)
7148073 Martin Luther arriving in Worms to appear before the Imperial Council, 1521 (engraving) by German School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi with the orphans (engraving)
7147288 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi with the orphans (engraving) by Grob, Konrad (1828-1904); Private Collection; (add.info.: Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi with the orphans)

St Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French priest and educational reformer (engraving)
7185073 St Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French priest and educational reformer (engraving) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: St Jean-Baptiste de La Salle (1651-1719)

Les anabaptistes reconnaissent Jean de Leyde pour leur roi (engraving)
7179326 Les anabaptistes reconnaissent Jean de Leyde pour leur roi (engraving) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

The Gheber Worshipping the Rising Sun, satire depicting Whig politician Lord Brougham anticipating the possible
7148334 The Gheber Worshipping the Rising Sun, satire depicting Whig politician Lord Brougham anticipating the possible opportunities arising from the beginning of the reign of King William IV

Wedding of Martin Luther and Katharina von Bora, 1525 (engraving)
7148072 Wedding of Martin Luther and Katharina von Bora, 1525 (engraving) by Thumann, Paul (1834-1908) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Wedding of Martin Luther and Katharina von Bora, 1525)

Martin Luther nailing his 95 Theses to the door of All Saints Church, Wittenberg, Germany, 1517 (engraving)
7148065 Martin Luther nailing his 95 Theses to the door of All Saints Church, Wittenberg, Germany, 1517 (engraving) by Spangenberg

Philipp Melanchthon (1497-1560), by Albrecht DAOErer, wood engraving, published 1881
Philipp Melanchthon (1497 - 1560) was a companion of Martin Luther during the Reformation and influential designer of the educational system

William WILBERFORCE (abolitionist )
William WILBERFORCE.Portrait engraved by E. SCRIVEN (around 1860) from a painting by C. RICHMOND

Praca do Comercio, Lisbon, Portugal (photo)
2632551 Praca do Comercio, Lisbon, Portugal (photo) by Castro, Joaquim Machado de (1731-1822); (add.info.: Lisbon, Portugal)

Portrait of Robert Dale Owen (1801-1877), Before 1876. Creator: Unknown
Portrait of Robert Dale Owen (1801-1877), Before 1876. Photograph of engraving after a painting by John Reid Lambdin

Mme. Pape-Carpantier, 1853/78. Creator: Nadar
Mme. Pape-Carpantier, 1853/78. Woodburytype, from the periodical "Galerie Contemporaine Litteraire, Artistique" (1878), volume 5

Paul Eber, 1511-1569, German Lutheran theologian
6040084 Paul Eber, 1511-1569, German Lutheran theologian. by Bry, Theodor de (1528-98); Private Collection; (add.info.: Paul Eber, 1511-1569, German Lutheran theologian, reformer and hymnwriter)

Philip Melanchthon, 1497-1560, Lutheran reformer
6040073 Philip Melanchthon, 1497-1560, Lutheran reformer. by Bry, Theodor de (1528-98); Private Collection; (add.info.: Philip Melanchthon, 1497-1560, German Lutheran reformer)

Joachim von Watt, Swiss humanist, 1484-1551
6039940 Joachim von Watt, Swiss humanist, 1484-1551. by Bry, Theodor de (1528-98); Private Collection; (add.info.: Joachim Vadian or Joachim von Watt, Swiss humanist, scholar)

Johann Oldendorp, 1486-1567, German jurist and reformer
6039913 Johann Oldendorp, 1486-1567, German jurist and reformer. by Bry, Theodor de (1528-98); Private Collection; (add.info.: Johann Oldendorp, 1486-1567, German jurist and reformer)

Count Zinzendorf (engraving)
5224456 Count Zinzendorf (engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Count Zinzendorf. Illustration for The Sunday At Home, 1889/90.); © Look and Learn

Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam Writing, 1523 (mixed technique on paper
3956456 Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam Writing, 1523 (mixed technique on paper, mounted on fir wood) by Holbein the Younger, Hans (1497/8-1543); 37.1 x 30.8 cm; Kunstmuseum, Basel

Portrait of Martin Luther (oil on wood)
3959930 Portrait of Martin Luther (oil on wood) by Cranach, Lucas the Elder (1472-1553) (after); 49 x 34 cm; Kunstmuseum, Basel

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"Revolutionary Reformers: Pioneers of Change and Progress" From Martin Luther's courageous defense before Emperor Charles V to Florence Nightingale's tireless efforts in revolutionizing healthcare, history has been shaped by remarkable reformers who dared to challenge the status quo. These individuals, such as Mustapha Kemal Ataturk and Jonathan Edwards, left an indelible mark on society through their unwavering commitment to their ideals. Martin Luther, a German religious reformer, fearlessly stood before the Holy Roman Emperor at the Diet in Worms in 1521. This iconic moment captured in a 19th-century engraving showcases Luther's determination to defend his beliefs and spark a transformation within Christianity. Florence Nightingale, known as "The Lady With The Lamp, " brought about significant reforms in nursing during the mid-19th century. Her dedication and compassion towards patients led her to establish modern nursing practices that continue to shape healthcare today. Mustapha Kemal Ataturk danced with his adopted daughter while simultaneously leading Turkey through sweeping political and social reforms. As the founder of modern Turkey, he introduced secularism, women's rights, and educational reforms that transformed the nation into a progressive state. Jonathan Edwards played a pivotal role during America's Great Awakening movement with his powerful sermons that challenged traditional religious norms. His teachings sparked spiritual revival across colonial America and laid the foundation for future religious freedom. John Calvin was instrumental in shaping Protestant Reformation alongside Martin Luther. His influence extended beyond theology; he established Geneva as a model city-state where principles of democracy were implemented under strict moral codes. These reformers like St Bernard of Clairvaux or Saint John of Cross demonstrated immense courage by challenging societal norms prevalent during their time periods. Their contributions paved the way for progress not only within religion but also within various aspects of society including education systems, healthcare practices, political structures among others.