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The twelfth century was a time of great historical significance, filled with remarkable events and influential figures. From the reign of St Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury, to the majestic Forteresse Royale de Chinon overlooking the Vienne River in Chinon, Indre-et-Loire, this era left an indelible mark on history. In Germany's Baden-Wurttemberg region lies Maulbronn Monastery (Kloster Maulbronn), a UNESCO World Heritage site that stands as a testament to the architectural brilliance of the twelfth century. Its grandeur transports visitors back in time, allowing them to experience the rich cultural heritage of this period. The military campaigns led by Byzantine Emperor Leon VI "The Wise" against the Bulgarians showcased both strategic prowess and political ambition. A miniature from "Synopsis historiarum, " an illuminated manuscript dating back to c. 1126-1150, captures these intense battles and serves as a visual reminder of their significance. Richard the Lionheart emerges as one of history's most iconic figures during this era. His vibrant lithograph portrait showcases his regal demeanor and highlights his role in shaping medieval Europe. Meanwhile, Hunain ibn Ishaq (also known as Johannitius) contributed greatly to medical knowledge during this period. The eye diagram attributed to him provides insight into ancient Baghdad physicians' understanding of ocular anatomy—an invaluable contribution that continues to influence modern medicine today. Slovakia's Spis Castle (Spissky Hrad) stands tall amidst picturesque surroundings within Presov Region. This magnificent fortress offers glimpses into medieval life while serving as a reminder of Slovakia's rich cultural heritage. Traquair House's Bear Gates gate lodges offer an enchanting glimpse into Scottish architecture from this era—a perfect example among 100 Favourite Houses captured beautifully in black and white photography. Berkeley Castle is another gem showcasing Cotswolds' country houses.