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Hard Labor Convicts at Rest in the Pit, 1891. Creator: Aleksei Kuznetsov
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Hard Labor Convicts at Rest in the Pit, 1891. Creator: Aleksei Kuznetsov
Hard Labor Convicts at Rest in the Pit, 1891. One of 74 views taken in July 1891 and contained in the albumTipy i vidy Nerchinskoi katorgi (Views and inhabitants of Nerchinsk hard labor camps). The Nerchinskkatorgawas part of the katorga (forced labor) system of imperial Russia, located in the province of Transbaikalia (present-day Zabaykal'skiy Kray), near the Russian border with China. The katorga was administered by the Ministry of Interior and included prisons at Akatuy, Kara, Aleksandrovsk, Nerchinskii Zavod, and Zerentuy, all of which are depicted in the album. National Library of Russia
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Aleksei Kirillovich Kuznetsov Aleksei Kuznetsov Convict Convicts Exile Exiled Forced Labour Gold Mine Goldmine Guards Hard Labour Katorga Kuznetsov Aleksei Labour Camp Mine Mining Nerchinsk Transbaikal Territory Russia Penal Servitude Prison Camp Prisoner Prisoners Punishing Punishment Rest Resting Siberia Siberian Transbaikal Russia Zabaykalsky Krai Russia Meeting Of Frontiers Opencast Mine
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EDITORS COMMENTS
This evocative photograph, titled "Hard Labor Convicts at Rest in the Pit" by Aleksei Kuznetsov, captures a moment of respite for a group of convicts in the Nerchinsk hard labor camps of Transbaikalia, Russia, in the late 19th century. The image is one of 74 views documented in Kuznetsov's album "Tipy i vidy Nerchinskoi katorgi" (Views and inhabitants of Nerchinsk hard labor camps), which offers a stark portrayal of life within the Russian katorga system. The Nerchinsk labor camps were part of the imperial Russian penal system, administered by the Ministry of Interior and located near the Russian border with China. The camps included prisons at Akatuy, Kara, Aleksandrovsk, Nerchinskii Zavod, and Zerentuy. This photograph was likely taken at Nerchinskii Zavod, an open-cast mine known for its gold production. The convicts in the photograph are shown seated in the pit, taking a brief rest from their labor. Their expressions are weary, and their clothing is worn and tattered. Guards stand watch over them, ensuring that they do not escape. The men appear to be a mix of ethnicities, reflecting the diverse population of the region. The scene is a poignant reminder of the harsh conditions endured by those exiled to the Siberian labor camps during this period. The image invites us to reflect on the concept of punishment and the human cost of industrial progress. The photograph is a valuable historical document, offering insight into the meeting of frontiers, the intersection of crime and punishment, and the experiences of those who were forced to labor in the far reaches of the Russian Empire.
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