Allophylus racemosus

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Allophylus racemosus

Watercolour by William Roxburgh, Indian Collection, c.1805 Date: 1805

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Media ID 14238318

© Mary Evans / Natural History Museum

1805 Eudicot Eurosid Malvidae Rosid Sapindaceae Sapindales Watercolor Angiospermae Dicot Dicotyledon Magnoliophyta

EDITORS COMMENTS
This stunning watercolor painting, created by the renowned botanist and artist William Roxburgh in 1805, depicts Allophylus racemosus, a flowering plant belonging to the family Sapindaceae, order Sapindales, and class Rosids, within the eudicot clade of Angiosperms. The plant is native to India and is commonly known as the "cluster allophylus" or "clustered soapnut." Roxburgh's exquisite illustration captures the intricate details of the plant's flowers, leaves, and stems. The plant is shown in full bloom, with clusters of small, white flowers adorning the branches. The leaves are elongated and oval, with a serrated margin, and are arranged oppositely on the stem. At the time this painting was created, the study of botany was a burgeoning field, and artists like Roxburgh played a crucial role in documenting the natural world. Roxburgh's work was part of the "Indian Collection," which was created during his tenure as the Superintendent of the Royal Botanic Garden in Calcutta, India. The collection was a comprehensive record of the flora of India and was instrumental in advancing scientific knowledge of the region's plant life. The Allophylus racemosus has various uses in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine, where it is used to treat conditions such as fever, diarrhea, and skin diseases. The plant also has commercial value, as the seeds are used to produce a soap-like substance, which has been used for centuries for washing clothes and as a cleansing agent. This beautiful watercolor painting is a testament to the artistic and scientific achievements of the 19th century, and serves as a reminder of the importance of documenting the natural world for future generations.

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