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The months, years and centuries according
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The months, years and centuries according
The months, years and centuries according to the Mexican Aztec calendar. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Luigi Giarre from Giulio Ferrarios Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World, Florence, Italy, 1843
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Media ID 23172652
© Florilegius/Mary Evans
Aztec Calendar Ferrario Giarrè Giulio Luigi Mexican Month Peoples Year
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EDITORS COMMENTS
This handcoloured copperplate engraving, titled "The months, years and centuries according to the Mexican Aztec calendar," is an intriguing glimpse into the complex and intricately designed timekeeping system of the ancient Aztec civilization. Created by Luigi Giarre for Giulio Ferrario's "Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World," published in Florence, Italy in 1843, this illustration offers a vivid representation of the Aztec calendar's unique blend of solar, agricultural, and religious cycles. The Aztec calendar, also known as the "Xiuhpohualli," consisted of a 260-day sacred count and a 365-day solar count. The sacred count was made up of 13 numbers and 20 day signs, each represented in this engraving by a distinct symbol. The solar count, or "Xiuhpohualli Tonatiuh," was divided into 18 twenty-day months and a final five-day period known as the "nemontemi." The months and years are meticulously depicted in this engraving, with each month represented by its corresponding day sign and number. The centuries are denoted by the glyphs for the four elements – earth, wind, water, and fire – which cycled through in a 52-year cycle. The intricate details and vibrant colours of this print offer a captivating window into the rich cultural heritage of the ancient Mexicans, providing a visual representation of a timekeeping system that was integral to their daily lives and spiritual practices. As a historical document, this engraving offers invaluable insights into the complex and sophisticated nature of the Aztec civilization, showcasing their deep understanding of astronomy, mathematics, and their unique cultural traditions. Its inclusion in Ferrario's "Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World" underscores the global reach and fascination with the diverse cultures and customs of various civilizations during the 19th century.
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