Plate 4 in Reliquiae Diluvianae (1823)
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Plate 4 in Reliquiae Diluvianae (1823)
Compares the jaw of a modern Cape hyena (top) with the larger jaws of the extinct hyena species found at Kirkdale Cave
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1823 Cape Carnivora Epitheria Eutheria Feliformia Hyena Mammalia Placental Mammal Theria Hyaenidae Plate 4
EDITORS COMMENTS
Plate 4: A Comparative Study of Modern and Extinct Hyena Species - A captivating illustration from Reliquiae Diluvianae (1823), an influential work in the field of paleontology by Gideon Mantell. This particular plate showcases a striking comparison between the jaw of a modern Cape hyena (top) and the larger jaws of an extinct hyena species discovered at Kirkdale Cave. The Cape hyena, a living species native to Africa, is a member of the Hyaenidae family, which also includes the spotted hyena and the striped hyena. Its jaw, with its powerful incisors and canines, is well-suited for its omnivorous diet. In contrast, the extinct hyena species depicted in Plate 4, a member of the Hyaeninae subfamily, possessed significantly larger jaws. These jaws, with their massive canines, would have given this animal a formidable bite force, making it a formidable predator in its environment. Mantell's Reliquiae Diluvianae was a groundbreaking work in the study of fossil mammals. It was one of the first works to systematically classify and describe fossil mammals, using comparative anatomy to link extinct species to their living counterparts. This plate, with its clear and detailed illustrations, provides a valuable insight into the anatomy of these extinct hyena species and their relationship to modern hyenas. As a key work in the history of mammalogy, Plate 4 continues to fascinate and inform researchers and students of animal biology, paleontology, and comparative anatomy. Its comparison of modern and extinct hyena species highlights the rich diversity of the mammalian fossil record and the importance of studying both living and extinct species to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.
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