1591 Collection (#9)

Taking the ramp at Zutphen, Netherlands, 1591, workshop of Frans Hogenberg, 1591 - 1593

Flight into Egypt, Pieter Perret, 1591

Veneration of Mary with the Christ Child with St. Catherine of Alexandria and Barbara H, Raphael Sadeler (I), 1591

Portrait by Jan van Suren, Hendrick Goltzius, 1588 - 1590

Domenico Cunego (Italian, 1727-1803) after Guercino (aka Giovanni Francesco Barbieri, Italian, 1591-1666). Prodigal Son (Filius Prodigus), 1770. Engraving on laid paper

Francesco Bartolozzi (Italian, 1727-1815) after Guercino (Italian, 1591 - 1666). Madonna and Child Adored by Three Monks, 1764. From Raccolta di alcuni disegni del Barbieri detto Il Guercino

Giovanni Ottoviani (Italian, 1735 - ca. 1808) after Guercino (aka Giovanni Francesco Barbieri) (Italian, 1591 - 1666). Angelica and Medora. Etching

Annibale Carracci (Italian, 1560 - 1609). St. Jerome in the Wilderness, ca. 1591. Etching. Plate: 255 mm x 188 mm (10.04 in. x 7.4 in.). Second state

Christ Preaching in the Temple; Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri), Italian (Bolognese), 1591 - 1666; Italy, Europe; about 1625 - 1627; Pen and brown ink

Landscape with a View of a Fortified Port; Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri), Italian (Bolognese), 1591 - 1666; Italy, Europe; about 1635; Pen and brown ink; 29 x 43.2 cm (11 7/16 x 17 in.)

A Standing Male Nude (recto), A Standing Male Nude (verso); Giovanni Battista Naldini, Italian, about 1537 - 1591; Italy, Europe; 1590; Black, red and white chalk

Raising of the Son of the Widow of Naim (recto), Madonna and Child with Saints (verso); Giovanni Battista Naldini, Italian, about 1537 - 1591; Italy, Europe; about 1570 - 1580; Pen and iron gall ink

An Officer of the Rank of Oberster Feldprofoss in the Imperial Army; Jost Amman, Swiss, 1539 - 1591; Switzerland, Europe; 1556; Pen and black ink

Study of a Seated Young Man; Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri), Italian (Bolognese), 1591 - 1666; Italy, Europe; about 1619; Black chalk dipped in gum

An Oriental Potentate Accompanied by His Halberd Bearer; Jusepe de Ribera, Spanish / Italian, 1591 - 1652; Spain, Europe; about 1625 - 1630; Point of the brush with carmine red ink (from cochineal)

Caricature of Two Men Seen in Profile; Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri), Italian (Bolognese), 1591 - 1666; about 1635; Pen and brown ink

Pope Gregory XV; Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri), Italian (Bolognese), 1591 - 1666; about 1622 - 1623; Oil on canvas; Unframed: 133.4 x 97.8 cm (52 1/2 x 38 1/2 in.)

Bowl; Unknown; Innsbruck, Austria, Europe; 1570 - 1591; Colorless (grayish-brown) glass with diamond-point engraving, gilding (including silver)

Basin with Deucalion and Pyrrha; Fontana Workshop, possibly Orazio Fontana, Italian, 1510 - 1571, or possibly Flaminio Fontana, Italian, active 1571 - 1591; Urbino, Italy

Guide for Constructing the Letter E; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600; Vienna, Austria, Europe; about 1591 - 1596; Watercolors, gold and silver paint

The Burning of Troy; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600, and Georg Bocskay, Hungarian, died 1575; Vienna, Austria, Europe; 1561 - 1562; illumination added 1591 - 1596; Watercolors

Pomegranate, Worm, and Peach; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600, and Georg Bocskay, Hungarian, died 1575; Vienna, Austria

Trompe l Oeil Stem of a Maltese Cross; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600; Vienna, Austria, Europe; 1561 - 1562; illumination added 1591 - 1596; Watercolors, gold and silver paint

Sour Orange, Terrestrial Mollusk, and Larkspur; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600, and Georg Bocskay, Hungarian, died 1575; Vienna, Austria

Fly, Caterpillar, Pear, and Centipede; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600, and Georg Bocskay, Hungarian, died 1575; Vienna, Austria

Maltese Cross, Mussel, and Ladybird; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600, and Georg Bocskay, Hungarian, died 1575; Vienna, Austria

Guide for Constructing the Letter R; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600; Vienna, Austria, Europe; about 1591 - 1596; Watercolors, gold and silver paint

Guide for Constructing the Letter Q; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600; Vienna, Austria, Europe; about 1591 - 1596; Watercolors, gold and silver paint

Guide for Constructing the Letters h and i; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600; Vienna, Austria, Europe; about 1591 - 1596; Watercolors, gold and silver paint

Guide for Constructing the Letters f and g; Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600; Vienna, Austria, Europe; about 1591 - 1596; Watercolors, gold and silver paint

Euclid; Jusepe de Ribera, Spanish / Italian, 1591 - 1652; Spain, Europe; about 1630 - 1635; Oil on canvas; Unframed: 125.1 x 92.4 cm (49 1/4 x 36 3/8 in.)

Willem Buytewech (Dutch, 1591-1592-1624), Herd of Sheep near the Hague, 1621

ENGLAND: WITCH, 1591. The English witch, Agnes Sampson, and her coven raising a storm against the Kings ship. Contemporary woodcut, 1591

SIR RICHARD GRENVILLE (1542-1591). English naval commander and adventurer. Aboard the Revenge during the Battle of Flores, 1591. Illustration, 1894, by William Heysham Overend

SIR JOHN HAWKINS (1532-1595). English admiral. Oil on canvas by an unknown artist, after a painting, 1591, attributed to Hieronimo Custodis

DE BRY: NATIVE AMERICAN EXCERCISE. Florida Native Americans at exercise. Copper engraving, 1591, by Theodor de Bry after Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues

NATIVE AMERICANS: FLORIDA BATTLE. Florida Native Americans fighting each other and European soldiers involved. Copper engraving, 1591, by Theodor de Bry after Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues

The design for Sir John Haringtons water closet, here called a privie in perfection
HARINGTON: WATER CLOSET. The design for Sir John Haringtons water closet, here called a privie in perfection, c1591; Sir John would later describe his invention in the 1596 satire

Gervase Babington (1550ja-1610) English churchman: Bishop of Llandaff 1591, Exeter 1595, Worcester 1597: Queens counsel for Welsh Marches. Three-quarter length portrait holding book

Fray Luis Ponce de Leon (sometimes Luis de Leon) (born Belmonte, in Cuenca province, of the Castilian region of La Mancha, Spain)

The Rialto Bridge (Italian: Ponte di Rialto) is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. It is the oldest bridge across the canal

Richard Grenville (1541ja-1591) English naval commander and hero. Tennyson celebrated his bravery at Flores in 1591 in his poem The Revenge: A Ballad of the Fleet

Francis Drake (c1540-1596) English navigator and privateer. Miniature from the studio of Nicholas Hilliard, 1591

Great Pond at Elvetham
The Great Pond at Elvetham in 1591, the scene of the entertainment given by the Earl of Hertford during the visit of Elizabeth I. The Queens presence seat and her attendants at A, top left. Engraving

Monas hieroglyphica (1591) C017 / 7983
Monas hieroglyphica (1591), title page. This work, originally published in 1564, consists of 24 theorems by Welsh astrologer John Dee (1527-1608)

Native Americans of Florida tending their sick by trepanning (at left), to remove diseased blood
NATIVE AMERICANS: DISEASE. Native Americans of Florida tending their sick by trepanning (at left), to remove diseased blood, and fumigation (at right)

John of the Cross, Saint (1542-1591). Spanish religious man and mystic writer. Ascent of Mount Carmel. Edition

CAMPI, Vincenzo (1536-1591). The Fruit Seller. Left lower detail. Renaissance art. Cinquecento. Oil on canvas

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In the year 1591, a series of intriguing events unfolded across different parts of the world. In North Berwick, Scotland, the infamous North Berwick Witches were accused and tried for their alleged involvement in witchcraft. Among them was Dr Fian, who met his fate in a chilling churchyard. Meanwhile, Saint John of the Cross, a Spanish mystic known for his profound spiritual writings, passed away during this eventful year. His legacy continues to inspire seekers of divine enlightenment to this day. Across the Atlantic Ocean in Florida, Native Americans thrived in their vibrant villages. A colored engraving by Theodore de Bry after Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues captures one such village scene from 1591. The depiction showcases these indigenous people skillfully curing fish and game on a barbecue – an art they had perfected over generations. Theodore de Bry's artistic talent also immortalized another aspect of Native American life: hunting crocodiles (or alligators). In yet another engraving from 1591 based on Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues' lost drawing, we witness Florida Native Americans fearlessly engaging with these formidable creatures. On a completely different note, Trinity College Dublin continued its pursuit of knowledge and education throughout this period. The institution stood as a beacon of intellectual growth amidst all these historical occurrences. Queen Elizabeth I found herself at Elvetham during this time – perhaps seeking solace or strategizing her next move within the walls of this grand estate. Ste Louise De Marillac left her mark on history as well. Her tireless efforts to serve society led to the establishment of various charitable organizations that continue to make positive impacts today. Lastly but not leastly (if that is even a word), Sir Richard Grenville commanded The Revenge during its epic battle against the Spanish fleet off Flores Island. This valiant act showcased courage and determination against overwhelming odds – an inspiring tale that echoes through time.