Palaeoanthropology Collection (page 3)

Palaeolithic plant gathering, artwork C016 / 8299
Palaeolithic plant gathering. Artwork of humans in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe, with a woman gathering flowering plants, and a man gathering wood for a fire

Palaeolithic human culture, artwork C016 / 8287
Palaeolithic human culture. Artwork of humans living in social and family groups in a cave in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe

Palaeolithic food gathering, artwork C016 / 8286
Palaeolithic food gathering. Artwork of humans gathering, scavenging and looking for food in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe

Palaeolithic humans and bears, artwork C016 / 8284
Palaeolithic humans and bears. Artwork of humans using fire to scare a prehistoric species of bear from a cave in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe

Palaeolithic human culture, artwork C016 / 8280
Palaeolithic human culture. Artwork of humans living in and around a cave in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe. Activities shown include dancing, hunting, playing, gathering food, and tending a fire

Palaeolithic elephant hunting, artwork C016 / 8283
Palaeolithic elephant hunting. Artwork of humans hunting a prehistoric species of elephant in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe

Palaeolithic goat hunting, artwork C016 / 8282
Palaeolithic goat hunting, artwork. Artwork of humans hunting mountain goats in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe. The goat is pushed off a cliff (upper left) and then cut up for its meat, skin

Palaeolithic horse hunting, artwork C016 / 8281
Palaeolithic horse hunting. Artwork of humans hunting horses in palaeolithic (Stone Age) Europe. Horses would later be tamed by humans, but were also hunted for their meat, skin, sinews and bones

Reconstruction of Piltdown skull C016 / 5942
Reconstruction of the Piltdown Man (Eoanthropus dawsoni) skull, as described in 1912, following the discovery of a skull and jaw fragments near Piltdown, Sussex

Paranthropus robustus and leopard jaw C015 / 6933
Paranthropus robustus skull (SK-54) and leopard jaw (SK-349). These fossils date from around 1.5 million years ago. SK-54 is the skull-cap from a child australopithecine, found in 1949 in Swartkrans

Paranthropus aethiopicus (KNM-WT 17000) C015 / 6932
Paranthropus aethiopicus skull (KNM-WT 17000). This extinct species, a very early part of the human evolutionary tree, is also known as Australopithecus aethiopicus

Homo rudolfensis skull (KNM-ER 1470) C015 / 6930
Homo rudolfensis skull (KNM-ER 1470). This fossil specimen dates from around 1.9 million years ago, and was discovered in 1972 in Koobi Fora, on the eastern shore of Lake Turkana, Kenya

Homo ergaster skull (KNM-ER 3733) C015 / 6927
Homo ergaster skull (KNM-ER 3733). This fossil specimen dates from around 1.8 million years ago, and was discovered in 1975 in Koobi Fora, on the eastern shore of Lake Turkana, Kenya

Homo ergaster skull (SK-847 and SK-15) C015 / 6928
Homo ergaster skull. This skull consists of two fossils: SK-847 (main) and SK-15 (lower jaw). The fossils are those of an extinct species that forms an early part of the human evolutionary tree

Homo heidelbergensis skull, Broken Hill 1 C015 / 6924
Homo heidelbergensis skull. This is the Broken Hill 1 (Kabwe 1) fossil skull, originally classified as Homo rhodesiensis (Rhodesian Man)

Homo heidelbergensis vertebra C015 / 6799
Homo heidelbergensis vertebra. This fossil vertebra was excavated from the Sima de los Huesos pit in the Atapuerca foothills in Spain

Australopithecus africanus skull (STS-71) C015 / 6798
Australopithecus africanus skull. This skull consists of two fossils: STS-71 and STS-36. STS-71 is the upper specimen, discovered in 1947, in Sterkfontein, South Africa

Prehistoric rib bone C015 / 6754
Prehistoric rib bone. This rib bone was found at the TD-6 level in the Gran Dolina cave in the Sierra de Atapuerca foothills near Burgos, Spain

Homo habilis upper jaw (OH 65) C015 / 6686
Homo habilis upper jaw (maxilla) and teeth. This fossil specimen (named OH 65) was found in 1995 at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. It dates to around 1.8 million years ago

Homo habilis upper jaw (OH 65) C015 / 6684
Homo habilis upper jaw (maxilla) and teeth. This fossil specimen (named OH 65) was found in 1995 at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. It dates to around 1.8 million years ago

Homo habilis upper jaw (OH 65) C015 / 6685
Homo habilis upper jaw (maxilla) and teeth. This fossil specimen (named OH 65) was found in 1995 at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. It dates to around 1.8 million years ago

Homo habilis upper jaw (OH 65) C015 / 6666
Homo habilis upper jaw (maxilla) and teeth. This fossil specimen (named OH 65) was found in 1995 at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. It dates to around 1.8 million years ago

Neanderthal tooth C015 / 6610
Neanderthal tooth. Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) inhabited Europe and western Asia between 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

Neanderthal tooth C015 / 6643
Neanderthal tooth. Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) inhabited Europe and western Asia between 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

Homo heidelbergensis arthritic jaw C015 / 6562
Homo heidelbergensis arthritic jaw. Close-up of the condyloid process of the lower jaw (mandible) from fossilised remains of Homo heidelbergensis

Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw C015 / 6561
Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw (mandible) and teeth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw C015 / 6560
Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw (mandible) and teeth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw C015 / 6559
Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw (mandible) and teeth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6549
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6550
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This tooth shows marks (grooves near the gum line) left by the use of tooth picks. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6548
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6547
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This tooth shows marks (grooves near the gum line) left by the use of tooth picks. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis teeth C015 / 6544
Homo heidelbergensis teeth. These incisor teeth are worn down with age and the effect of diet. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis teeth C015 / 6545
Homo heidelbergensis teeth. These molar teeth are worn down with age and the effect of diet. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis teeth C015 / 6546
Homo heidelbergensis teeth. These tooth show marks (grooves near the gum line) left by the use of tooth picks. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6542
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This tooth has striations on its enamel left by the use of stone tools. The directions of the striations indicate that right-handedness was dominant as long as 500

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6543
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6541
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This tooth has striations on its enamel left by the use of stone tools. The directions of the striations indicate that right-handedness was dominant as long as 500

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6539
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6540
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6537
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6538
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6536
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6535
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Homo heidelbergensis tooth C015 / 6534
Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This incisor tooth is worn down with age and the effect of diet. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Siega Verde petroglyph C015 / 6439
Siega Verde petroglyph. Prehistoric rock carvings (petroglyph) of an auroch, wolf (or dog), and horse. The auroch (wild cattle) is the main figure, with the head and horns at left

Siega Verde petroglyph C015 / 6438
Siega Verde petroglyph. Prehistoric rock carving (petroglyph) of a horse. This carving is part of the collection of petroglyphs at the Siega Verde site, in the province of Salamanca, Spain

Siega Verde petroglyph C015 / 6437
Siega Verde petroglyph. Prehistoric rock carving (petroglyph) of a horse. This carving is part of the collection of petroglyphs at the Siega Verde site, in the province of Salamanca, Spain

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Palaeoanthropology unravels the mysteries of our ancient past, piecing together the puzzle of human evolution. From the intricate Lascaux II cave painting replica C013/7378 to the Trail of Laetoli footprints, every artifact tells a story. Step by step, we explore the stages in human evolution. A glimpse into history reveals a female Australopithecus africanus, standing tall amidst her primitive surroundings. Primate skulls offer insights into our ancestors' cranial structure and brain development. Intriguingly, a scimitar cat attacking a hominid reminds us of the challenges faced by early humans in their struggle for survival. Artwork depicting these stages in human evolution serves as a visual timeline connecting us to our roots. The footprints and skeleton of Lucy provide an intimate encounter with one of our earliest known ancestors - an Australopithecus afarensis who walked this Earth over 3 million years ago. Model replicas bring Homo heidelbergensis back to life, allowing us to marvel at their physical features and speculate about their way of life. Australopithecus boisei stands out with its robust skull and powerful jaw muscles adapted for chewing tough vegetation. Meanwhile, Homo erectus emerges on stage - Java Man cranium (Sangiran 17) cast showcases their distinct facial characteristics that set them apart from earlier hominids. Palaeoanthropology invites us on an extraordinary journey through time as we uncover humanity's origins, and is through these artifacts and discoveries that we gain deeper insight into who we are today – creatures shaped by millions of years of evolutionary progress.