Political Philosophy Collection

Machiavel, (1469-1527), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Machiavel, (1469-1527), 1830. Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, writer, playwright and poet of the Renaissance

Puffendorf, (1632-1694), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Puffendorf, (1632-1694), 1830. Samuel von Pufendorf (1632-1694) German jurist, political philosopher, economist and historian, made baron by Charles XI of Sweden

Montesquieu, (1689-1755), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Montesquieu, (1689-1755), 1830. Charles-Louis de Secondat (1689-1755) French judge, man of letters, and political philosopher. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard

Locke, (1632-1704), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Locke, (1632-1704), 1830. John Locke (1632-1704) English philosopher and physician, influential of Enlightenment thinker, commonly known as the " Father of Liberalism

Hobbes, (1588-1679), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Hobbes, (1588-1679), 1830. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) English philosopher and one of the founders of modern political philosophy, influential in social contract theory, history, theology and ethics

John Locke. Esq, 1786. Creator: Unknown
John Locke. Esq, 1786.John Locke (1632-1704), English philosopher, physician and Enlightenment thinker important to social contract theory and considered to be as the " Father of Liberalism

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques (Geneva, 1712 - Ermenonville, 1778). Philosopher, writer, and composer of the XVIII century Enlightenment

John Locke, English philosopher
John Locke. Caricature of the English philosopher John Locke (1632-1704). Locke is considered the first of the British empiricists, but is equally important to social contract theory

Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher, c1668 (1894). Artist: William Faithorne
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), English philosopher, c1668 (1894). From A Collection of Engraved Portraits (Further Selection) Exhibited by the Late James Anderson Rose

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French philosopher and writer, 18th century (1894). Artist: David Martin
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French philosopher and writer, 18th century (1894). From A Collection of Engraved Portraits (Further Selection) Exhibited by the Late James Anderson Rose

Anarchism: Mikhail Bakunin, Russian anarchist, 19th century (1956). Bakunin (1814-1876) was the leading proponent of the doctrine of Collectivist Anarchism. From the Picture Post Library

John Locke, English philosopher, (c1850). Locke (1632-1704) is regarded as the father of British empiricism. He was the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

John Locke, English philosopher, (1836). Artist: James Posselwhite
John Locke, English philosopher, (1836). Locke (1632-1704) is regarded as the father of British empiricism. He was the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

Thomas Hobbes, 17th century English philosopher, (1836). Artist: James Posselwhite
Thomas Hobbes, 17th century English philosopher, (1836). Hobbes (1588-1679) is best known for his work on political philosophy, Leviathan, published in 1651

Four German socialists, (1903). Karl Heinrich Marx, German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary; Ferdinand Lasalle, German jurist and socialist political activist; Wilhelm Liebknecht

Four social theorists: Carlyle, Owen, Fourier and Proudhon, (1903). Robert Owen, Welsh socialist and social reformer; Thomas Carlyle, Scottish essayist, satirist

Mikhail Bakunin, Russian revolutionary and theorist of anarchism, 1863. Artist: Sergei Levitsky
Mikhail Bakunin, Russian revolutionary and theorist of anarchism, 1863. Bakunin (1814-1876) was the leading proponent of the doctrine of Collectivist Anarchism

Niccolo Machiavelli, Italian Renaissance political philosopher. Born in Florence, Machiavelli (1469-1527) is most famous for his treatises on realist politics, The Prince, and on republicanism

John Locke, English philosopher, (1825). Artist:s Freeman
John Locke, English philosopher, (1825). Locke (1632-1704) is regarded as the father of British empiricism. He was the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

John Locke, English philosopher, c1713 Artist: George Vertue
John Locke, English philosopher, c1680-1704. Locke (1632-1704) is regarded as the father of British empiricism. He was the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

John Locke, English philosopher, c1680-1704. Artist: Sir Godfrey Kneller
John Locke, English philosopher, c1680-1704. Locke (1632-1704) is regarded as the father of British empiricism. He was the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

John Locke, English philosopher, 1689. Artist: Verelst Harman
John Locke, English philosopher, 1689. Locke (1632-1704) is regarded as the father of British empiricism. He was the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

Thomas Paine, English-born American revolutionary, writer and philosopher, c1790. Paine (1737-1809) emigrated to America in 1774

Niccolo Machiavelli
The Renaissance political theorist, Niccolo Macchiavelli (1469-1527), was an official in the Chancery of the Florentine Republic who dedicated to Lorenzo Medici a groundbreaking controversial

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"Exploring the Foundations of Political Philosophy: From Machiavelli to Bakunin" In the realm of political philosophy, great minds have shaped our understanding of governance and power dynamics. One such influential figure is Niccolò Machiavelli, whose ideas from the 15th century continue to provoke debates on ethics and politics. His work delves into the art of statecraft, emphasizing pragmatism over moral considerations. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a philosopher and writer hailing from Geneva in the 18th century, offered a contrasting perspective. He believed in social contracts that prioritize individual freedom while maintaining collective responsibility. Rousseau's ideas laid the groundwork for modern democratic principles. Samuel Pufendorf, an enigmatic thinker from the 17th century, contributed significantly to political theory with his emphasis on natural law and human rights. His writings explored how societies can establish just governments based on mutual consent and respect. Montesquieu's contributions cannot be overlooked either; this French philosopher from the Enlightenment era advocated for separation of powers within government systems as a means to prevent tyranny and safeguard liberty. John Locke was another prominent English philosopher who championed individual rights and limited government intervention. His theories influenced many subsequent thinkers across various disciplines. Thomas Hobbes presented a contrasting viewpoint during his time by asserting that humans are inherently self-interested beings driven by fear and desire for power. According to him, strong central authority is necessary to maintain order in society. These philosophers' works continue to shape contemporary political thought even centuries later. Their ideas remain relevant as we grapple with questions surrounding governance structures, personal freedoms, justice systems, and societal well-being. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning Mikhail Bakunin - a Russian anarchist who emerged in the 19th century challenging traditional notions of authority altogether. Bakunin advocated for decentralized forms of organization where individuals could exercise their autonomy freely without oppressive hierarchies.