Anthropological Collection (#6)

Prehistoric hominin females, artwork. From left to right: Flores Man (Homo floresiensis), Cro-Magnon (European Early Modern Humans or EEMH, Homo sapiens sapiens)

Viking house in ring fortress, artwork
Viking house in ring fortress. Cutaway artwork of the inside of a Viking longhouse in one of the circular Viking fortresses known as trelleborgs

Venus of Dolni Vestonice, Stone Age. Close-up of the mask or head of the Venus of Dolni Vestonice figurine. The whole object is an 11-centimetre-high ceramic (clay and loess) figurine

Stone Age (Magdalenian) harpoons. These specimens were found in the Rascano cave, Mirones, in the Cantabria region of Spain

Stone Age (Magdalenian) harpoon. This specimen was found in the Rascano cave, Mirones, in the Cantabria region of Spain. It dates from the time of the Magdalenian culture

Neolithic flint arrowheads C014 / 1033
Neolithic flint arrowheads. Stone-age flint arrowheads dating from around 8, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. These specimens were found in Mauritania, West Africa

Neolithic flint arrowhead C014 / 1026
Neolithic flint arrowhead. Stone-age flint arrowhead dating from around 8, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. This specimen was found in Mauritania, West Africa

Human migration, artwork
Human migration. Artwork showing the global history of human migration. Modern humans emerged 200, 000 years ago in Africa (centre left)

Bronze Age farming and hunting, artwork C016 / 8292
Bronze Age farming and hunting. Artwork of humans cultivating cereal crops and hunting animals in Bronze Age Europe. Animals being hunted here include deer

Prehistoric carved horse, Vogelherd Cave C015 / 6740
Prehistoric carved horse. Prehistoric carving in mammoth ivory of a wild horse. This Stone Age (palaeolithic) artefact (50 millimetres long)

Prehistoric carved bird, Hohle Fels cave C015 / 6741
Prehistoric carved bird. Prehistoric carving in mammoth ivory of a water bird. It is thought to be a diver, cormorant, or duck

Prehistoric cave paintings, Chauvet C016 / 0576
Prehistoric cave paintings, Chauvet, France. These cave paintings of various animals are found in the Chauvet Cave, France. This is the site of the earliest known cave paintings (as of 2011)

Homo ergaster landscape. Artwork of Homo ergaster male and female hominins (right) walking across African savannah during the Pleistocene. H

Cro-Magnon 1 fossil skull C016 / 5882
Cro-Magnon 1 fossil skull. Cast of a fossil of the skull of a male aged around 45 years of age. It dates from around 28, 000 years ago

Neanderthal couple, artwork C016 / 5791
Neanderthal couple, artwork. Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) inhabited Europe and western Asia between 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

Ivory and bone tools, Upper Palaeolithic C016 / 5026
Ivory and bone tools, Upper Palaeolithic. These items date from between 18, 000 and 30, 000 years ago. From upper left to lower right they are

Paranthropus boisei anatomy, artwork C013 / 9582
Paranthropus boisei anatomy. Artwork showing a reconstruction of the head of Paranthropus boisei (previously Australopithecus bosei), based on skull OH5 (top left) found at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Homo ergaster, artwork C013 / 9576
Homo ergaster. Artwork of Homo ergaster early humans using tools. H. ergaster was a hominid that emerged about 1.9 million years ago in Africa

African Zenega and traders, 17th century
African Zenega and traders. 17th-century artwork of traders bartering brandy for water with Zenega (or Sanhaja) people of the African Kingdom of Cayor at Cap-Vert (in what is now Senegal)

African Zenega people, 17th century
African Zenega people. 17th-century artwork of clothing worn by Zenega (or Sanhaja) people in Africa. Of Berber origin, these people spread as far south as what is now Senegal

Lascaux II cave painting replica C013 / 7375
Lascaux II replica of a Lascaux cave painting. This is the unicorn figure in the Great Hall of the Bulls. The original Lascaux cave was closed to the public in 1963

Restoring Lascaux cave paintings replica. The original Lascaux cave was closed to the public in 1963, with the Lascaux II replica opening nearby in 1983

Homo habilis hunting, artwork C013 / 6549
Homo habilis group using tools to share a kill, artwork. H. habilis is thought to have lived approximately 2 to 1.6 million years ago in East Africa

Cro-Magnon man reconstructed head C013 / 6464
Reconstruction of the head of Cro-Magnon man. Cro-Magnon is the earliest European example of Homo sapiens. Cro-Magnons lived between about 40, 000 and 10, 000 years ago, in the Upper Paleolithic

Tillya Tepe burial site, Afghanistan C014 / 0168
Tillya Tepe burial site. Close-up of human remains surrounded by gold and turquoise jewellery in a burial site at Tillya Tepe, Afghanistan

Homo sapiens tibia
Two human bones from different sides of the Atlantic ocean used to show how syphillis was spread since its appearance in Naples in 1495

Homo sapiens cranium (Predmosti 3) cast

Skull showing bullet hole in right temple
Skull of adult male suicide case. Taken during the archaelogical excavation at Christ Church, Spitalfields, London, 1984-1986

Homo erectus, Java Man (Sangiran 17) cranium cast
Three quarter view of partially reconstructed cranium of Homo erectus Java Man about 700, 000 years old known as Sangiran 17. Discovered by Towikromo in 1969

Homo erectus crania (Ngandong 1 & Trinil)
The larger cranium belongs to Homo erectus discovered at Ngandong near to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia

Homo neanderthalensis hunting in Swanscombe
A Homo neanderthalensis group hunting fallow deer on the banks of the river Thames at modern day Swanscombe, Kent 400, 000 years ago. Illustration by Angus McBride

Homo heidelbergensis, Boxgrove Man tibia
The tibia or shin bone of Boxgrove Man (Homo heidelbergensis) discovered in a quarry at Boxgrove, West Sussex, UK. The specimen dates back 500

Homo sapiens (Singa 1) cranium
A heavily mineralized cranium once belonging to that of Homo sapiens who lived about 130, 000 years ago. This specimen was discovered in Singa, Sudan by W.R.G. Bond in 1924

Homo sapiens, Cro-Magnon man head
A reconstruction of the head of Cro-Magnon man by Maurice Wilson, c. 1950. Cro-Magnon man is possibly Western Europes most famous anatomically modern human

The Furze Platt Hand Axe
The Furze Platt hand axe from the Acheulian culture (Lower Palaeolithic) about 400, 000 years ago. Found in Britain in 1919 the hand axe weighs 2.8 kilos and is 30.6 cm long

Homo sapiens cranium (Predmosti 3)
Frontal view of cranium and mandible (casts) of a Homo sapiens male aged 35-40 discovered at Predmosti, North East Moravia, Czech Republic. By K.J. Maska, June 1894. This specimen dates back 30, 000

Mousterian tools
A slide scraper and a pointed tool made from black flint of Mousterian age, 40, 000 - 55, 000 years old (Middle Palaeolithic), from Le Moustier, France

Homo heildelbergensis, Rhodesian or Broken Hill Man (Broken
Basilar view of the cranium belonging to Broken Hill Man (Homo heildelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill Mine, Kabwe, Zambia by T. Zwigelaar in June 1921. It dates back 130, 000 years

Australopithecus boisei (OH5) & Homo habilis (OH24) crania
Two cranium casts of: (left) Australopithecus boisei known as OH5 and (right) homo habilis known as OH24. Both original specimens were discovered within Bed 1 at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Homo habilis tools
A collection of pebble tools (Oldowan) discovered at the Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. They date back to about 1.8 million years ago

BERRIO, Gaspar Miguel de (1706-1761). Descripci󮠅
BERRIO, Gaspar Miguel de (1706-1761). Descripci󮠤 e zerro rico e imperial villa de Potos� (Description of Cerro Rico Hill and Potos� ity). 1758. Potos� choll

Early humans harvesting crops. Coloured artwork of Iron Age farming families harvesting and processing wheat. The wheat is being harvested in the background

Homo floresiensis. Artists impression of the skull, head and face of Homo floresiensis. The remains of this hominid were found in 2003 at the Liang Bua Cave on the island of Flores, Indonesia

Neanderthal skull, muscles and head
Neanderthal heads (Homo neanderthalensis), artwork. The skull is at top, the facial musculature at centre and the head at bottom. Neanderthals had several physical differences to modern humans

Australopithecus africanus skeleton, artists impression. A. Africanus was a bipedal hominid that lived between 3.5 and 2 million years ago

Neanderthal woman and man
Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthalensis) talking to a sitting elderly woman, artwork. Neanderthals were relatives of humans that inhabited Europe and western Asia between around 230, 000 and 29

Modern human. Model of an early human (Homo sapiens) or Cro-Magnon man. Cro-Magnon is the earliest European example of Homo sapiens

Neanderthal couple (Homo neanderthalensis), artwork. Neanderthals were relatives of humans that inhabited Europe and western Asia between around 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

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"Unveiling the Secrets of our Ancestors: Exploring Anthropological Treasures" Step into the captivating world of anthropology as we embark on a journey through time. From the mesmerizing Lascaux II cave painting replica to the enigmatic Stone-age cave paintings in Chauvet, France, these ancient artworks offer us a glimpse into humanity's past. Delve deeper and encounter the Cave of Hands in Argentina, where handprints left by our ancestors thousands of years ago continue to intrigue and mystify. These imprints serve as a testament to their existence and leave us pondering about their lives. As we shift our focus from art to anatomy, hominid crania take center stage. The Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1), fondly known as Lucy, stands tall among her counterparts. Her fossilized remains provide valuable insights into early human evolution and ignite curiosity about our own origins. But it doesn't stop there; prehistoric tools like spear-throwers remind us of our ancestors' resourcefulness and ingenuity. These artifacts shed light on how they survived and thrived in challenging environments. And let's not forget the Laetoli fossil footprints that tell an extraordinary story etched in volcanic ash. Preserved for millions of years, these footprints capture moments frozen in time – evidence of bipedal locomotion long before modern humans roamed the Earth. Returning once again to Chauvet, France, stone-age cave paintings continue to captivate with their intricate details and symbolic representations. Each stroke carries whispers from those who came before us – messages waiting patiently for interpretation. Finally, we encounter the Venus of Brassempouy – an exquisite ivory figurine representing fertility or perhaps even spirituality. This timeless masterpiece reminds us that throughout history, humans have sought meaning beyond survival alone. Anthropology unravels stories hidden within these remarkable artifacts – stories of resilience, creativity, and the unending quest for knowledge.