Hominini Collection (#9)

Homo sapiens skull (Italy)
Homo sapiens cranium dating back to around 500 BC, showing the typical morphology fora skull from Italy for the Etruscan period

Homo sapiens cranium (Florisbad 1)
Lateral and frontal view of a cast of a Homo sapiens skull from Florisbad, South Africa. Upper Pleistocene 130, 000-12, 000 BP. Reconstructed by P. Cohen

H. erectus, H. heidelbergensis, H. neanderthalensis, H. sapi
Rear views: Homo erectus ( Sangiran); Homo heidelbergensis ( Broken Hill); Homo neanderthalensis ( La Ferrassie) & Modern Homo sapiens, ( Polynesia)

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 49) mandible
Adolescent modern human mandible found during excavations in Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset, dates back to around 14, 000 - 12, 000 year ago, (Creswellian)

Exhibit from the Human Biology gallery
Close up of exhibit in the Human Biology gallery. A model of a human head illustrating the computing functions of the human brain

Excavating neanderthal remains
Excavation work which featured in a press conference at the Natural History Museum, London, December 1997

Human (Homo sapiens) Femur and Patella
The ball joint from the top end of a human femur and a patella (knee cap) which once belonged to a victim of the Mount Vesuvius eruption of AD 79 which buried the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii

Flint hand axe (label)
Photograph of a human-made hand axe, which was discovered in 1859, and is thought to be about 400, 000 years old. This close-up of the label shows the date and initials J.P, for John Prestwich

Australopithecus africanus
Model of an adult female Australopithecus africanus reconstructed from remains found at Sterkfontein, South Africa. Probably lived about 2.5 million years ago

Neanderthal artifacts
Stone tools believed to once have belonged to Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) who lived in Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar

Djebel Kafzeh, Qafzeh Cave, Israel
The cave 2.5 km south of Nazareth, Galilee where fossils of early modern Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens sapiens) were found in 1933 by R. Neuville, in 1935 by R. Neuville & M

H. neanderthalensis (Gibraltar 1) & H. heidelbergensis (Bro
Left: Cranium of Neanderthal man discovered at Forbes quarry Gibraltar in 1848. Right: Cranium of Broken Hill, or Rhodesian man (H. heidelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill, Zambia in 1921

Selection of Homo sapiens Crania
Left to right: Modern European Skull, Predmosti Czech Republic modern human skull, Early Homo sapiens skull from Zhoukoudian, recent human skull from China

Gibraltar excavation
Excavation of Neanderthal fireplace at Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar. (Middle Palaeolithic)

Homo neanderthalensis (Swanscombe 1) Cranium
Three cranial bones discovered at the Barnfield Gravel Pit, Swanscombe, Kent between 1935 and 1955. Both the date and species of these homind remains have been the subject over the last decade or so

Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar
A view of Gorhams Cave from the sea. Neanderthal artifacts have been found, dating from the Middle Palaeolithic inside this cave system

Homo sapiens crania
Two crania belonging to early Homo sapiens dating back to around 30, 000 years old from upper cave site Zhoukoudian, China

Early Homo sapiens crania (Irhoud 1 & Qafzeh 6)
Left: Cranium (cast) of early Homo sapiens discovered at Jebel Irhoud, Morocco by Mohammed Ben Fatmi in 1961. Right: Cranium (cast) of early Homo sapiens discovered at Djebel kafzeh, Israel by R

Tabun Cave, Israel
Mugharet et-Tabun, cave in the Wadi el-Mughara, southern part of the Mount Carmel range, excavation site of Homo neanderthalensis

Spiracles & gut from Dermatobia hominis
Spiracles and gut from botfly larva (Dermatobia hominis) extracted in London. Photographed by Martin Hall

Triatoma brasiliensis, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Cavernicola pilosa, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Belminus sp. triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Dipetalogaster maxima, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Eratyrus mucronatus, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Panstrongylus geniculatus, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Panstrongylus megistus, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Psammolestes tertius, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Rhodnius pictipes, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Triatoma migrans, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Triatoma cavernicola, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Rhodnius prolixus, C
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Triatoma costalimi, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Triatoma pallidipennis, triatomine bug

Triatoma rubrovaria, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Triatoma rubrofasciata, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Triatoma sordida, triatomine bug
This insect is a member of the Triatomine group, which are associated with the transmission of disease to humans

Neanderthal stone tools
Tools believed to have once belonged to Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) discovered at Gorhams cave, Gibraltar

Homo heidelbergensis mandible (Mauer 1)

Neanderthal Man artifact (Tabun)
A tool thought to have been used by Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) Discovered at Tabun, Israel

Homo erectus calotte (Trinil)
The calotte (cast) of Homo erectus discovered at Trinil, on the banks of the River Solo, Java, Indonesia. This specimen dates back to around 800, 000 year ago

Homo erectus mandible (SK 15)
A cast of a mandible with six teeth belonging to Homo erectus. The original, known as SK 15 Member 2 was found at Swartkrans, South Africa

Homo sapiens, human mandible
A specimen of a modern human mandible, or jaw bone with a complete set of teeth. Specimen held at the Natural History Museum, London

Australopithecus africanus mandible (MLD 2)
Mandible and teeth of an adolescent male (of about 12 years) Australopithecus africanus discovered at Makapansgat by A.R. Hughes and S. Kitching in July 1948

Homo erectus, Solo Man cranium (Ngandong 1)
The cranium cast of Solo Man discovered at Ngandong close to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia. The specimen belonging to Homo erectus dates back to no later than 800, 000 years ago

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"Hominini: Unveiling the Evolutionary Journey of Humanity" Step into the fascinating world of Hominini, a diverse group of primates that includes our ancient ancestors. From the sensory homunculus mapping our intricate neural pathways to the hominid crania revealing clues about their intelligence and culture, each discovery paints a vivid picture of our evolutionary past. Meet Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1), affectionately known as Lucy, whose fossilized remains provide crucial insights into early human bipedalism. As we explore further, we encounter Homo erectus (Sangiran 17) and ponder their migration out of Africa, paving the way for Homo sapiens and Neanderthals. The motor homunculus showcases how different areas in our brain control specific body movements while Homo neanderthalensis demonstrates their prowess with a Neanderthal spear point at Swanscombe, UK. Meanwhile, Paranthropus boisei (Zinjanthropus) cranium (OH5) offers glimpses into an extinct branch diverging from our own lineage. Delving deeper still, we uncover intriguing artifacts like The Makapansgat Pebble—a remarkable example of early symbolic thinking—and marvel at the complexity within us all. From the liver's vital role in metabolism to studying human cells under a microscope, every aspect contributes to understanding what it means to be human. As we piece together this mosaic of humanity's story through time and space, one thing becomes clear: Hominini is not just an exploration but also an appreciation for how far we have come. Let us embrace this journey with curiosity and awe as we continue unraveling the mysteries that connect us all.