Beta Sheet Collection (#5)

H5N1 Haemagglutinin protein subunit F006 / 9590
H5N1 haemagglutinin protein subunit. Molecular model of the haemagglutinin HA(5) subunit. Haemagglutinin is a surface protein from the influenza A virus

RNA-induced silencing complex F006 / 9587
RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), molecular model. This complex consists of a bacterial argonaute protein (top right) bound to a small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecule (red and blue)

RNA interference protein, molecular model F006 / 9589
RNA interference protein, molecular model. This RNA interference protein is also known as dicer. It is an RNAase enzyme that cleaves double-stranded RNA into short fragments called small interfering

Acyl carrier protein molecule F006 / 9588
Acyl carrier protein (ACP), molecular model. This enzyme is involved in fatty acid synthesis

DNA transcription, molecular model F006 / 9584
DNA transcription. Molecular model of the enzyme RNA polymerase II synthesising a mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) strand from a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) template

Dynamin enzyme, molecular model F006 / 9583
Dynamin enzyme. Molecular model of the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the dynamin enzyme. Domains are structural regions of enzymes that are often actively involved in biological processes

Double-stranded RNA-ribonuclease III F006 / 9585
Double-stranded RNA-ribonuclease III. Molecular model of ribonuclease III (RNase III, D44N, pink and green) complexed with a double-stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) strand (red and blue)

Human rotavirus capsid protein molecule F006 / 9582
Human rotavirus capsid protein, molecular model

Insulin receptor molecule F006 / 9581
Insulin receptor, molecular model. The insulin receptor is a transmembrane protein, that is it spans the cellular membrane

Haemoglobin, molecular model F006 / 9580
Haemoglobin, molecular model. This is deoxyhaemoglobin, the molecule in its non-oxygen bound state. Haemoglobin transports oxygen around the body in red blood cells

Bioluminescent enzyme molecule F006 / 9579
Bioluminescent enzyme. Molecular model of the bioluminescent enzyme luciferase from the Japanese aquatic firefly (Luciola cruciata) complexed with an intermediate protein

Adenovirus penton base protein F006 / 9572
Adenovirus penton base protein, molecular model. This protein molecule is a subunit called a penton, forming the vertices of the capsid of this adenovirus

Fatty acid synthase molecule F006 / 9575
Fatty acid synthase (FAS), molecular model. FAS is a multi-enzyme that plays a key role in the synthesis of fatty acids (lipids) in the human body. It is not a single enzyme but a whole enzyme system

Heat shock protein 90 chaperone complex F006 / 9576
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperone complex, molecular model. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone and a member of the heat shock protein (HSP) family

Chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 molecule F006 / 9578
Chymotrypsin inhibitor 2, molecular model. This enzyme is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) found in barley (Hordeum vulgare) seeds

Citrate synthase molecule F006 / 9573
Citrate synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is involved in the first step of the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle, the process by which mitochondria convert glucose to energy

Family 84 glycoside hydrolase molecule F006 / 9574
Family 84 glycoside hydrolase, molecular model. Glycoside hydrolases are enzymes that hydrolase the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates

Acetylcholine receptor molecule F006 / 9569
Acetylcholine receptor. Molecular model showing the structure of a nicotinic acetlycholine receptor. This receptor, for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

Nuclear import complex molecule F006 / 9571
Nuclear import complex. Molecular model of an importin protein complexed with a RanGTP molecule. This protein complex imports other proteins into the cell nucleus

Retinal-producing oxygenase enzyme F006 / 9570
Retinal-producing oxygenase enzyme, molecular model. This enzyme plays a role in the production and metabolism of retinal and other apocarotenoids. Retinal is the chemical basis of vision in animals

Flu virus surface protein molecule F006 / 9566
Flu virus surface protein molecule. Molecular model of the neuraminidase glycoprotein enzyme found on the surface of the influenza A (flu) virus

Amyloid beta protein molecule F006 / 9568
Amyloid beta protein. Molecular model showing the structure of amyloid beta protein, the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimers patients

Calcium-binding protein molecule F006 / 9567
Calcium-binding protein. Molecule model of the calcium-binding protein calmodulin (CaM) bound to a myosin light-chain kinase molecule. This complex is involved in muscle contraction

Iron-regulatory protein, molecular model F006 / 9565
Iron-regulatory protein. Molecular model of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1). Depending on the conformation of IRP1, it can acts as either a regulator of mRNA (messenger RNA) or an enzyme

Voltage-gated potassium channel F006 / 9562
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) ion channel, molecular model. Ion channels are membrane-spanning proteins that form pores in cell membranes

Tumour suppressor protein with DNA F006 / 9564
Tumour suppressor protein. Molecular model of the tumour suppressor protein p53 (beige) bound to a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blue)

Ricin molecule F006 / 9563
Ricin. Molecular model of the toxic protein ricin. It comprises two entwined amino acid chains, termed A and B. The A-chain is toxic, inhibiting protein synthesis in cells

DNA tetranucleosome, molecular model F006 / 9555
DNA tetranucleosome. Molecular model of four nucleosomes, or a tetranucleosome. Nucleosomes are the fundamental repeating unit used to package DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) inside cell nuclei

Thrombin complexed with fibrinogen F006 / 9561
Thrombin complexed with fibrinogen, molecular model. The thrombin molecules (beige, right and left) are bound to the central part of the fibrinogen molecule (down centre)

SARS virus surface protein molecule F006 / 9560
SARS virus surface protein. Molecular model of the spike 2 (S2) envelope glycoprotein from the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus

DNA polymerase with DNA F006 / 9559
DNA polymerase with DNA. Molecular model of human DNA polymerase beta (beige) complexed with a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blue)

Insulin molecule F006 / 9558
Insulin, molecular model. Insulin plays an important role in blood sugar regulation. It is released from the pancreas when blood sugar levels are high, for example after a meal

Bacteriophage DNA recombination F006 / 9554
Bacteriophage DNA recombination. Molecular model showing DNA manipulation and recombination taking place at a Holliday junction with a bacteriophage enzyme

ATP-dependent protease molecule F006 / 9552
ATP-dependent protease. Molecular model of the bacterial enzyme HsIUV protease. Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins. HsIUV is expressed in response to cellular stress

Zinc finger molecule F006 / 9557
Zinc finger, molecular model. Zinc fingers constitute the DNA recognition domains of many DNA regulatory proteins and are so named for their resemblance to fingers projecting from the protein

Botulinum type B neurotoxin F006 / 9553
Botulinum type B neurotoxin, molecular model. This powerful toxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, enters nerve cells and prevents release of neurotransmitters

TATA box-binding protein complex F006 / 9551
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a yeast TATA box-binding protein (TBP) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blue) and transcription factor IIA

NADP-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase F006 / 9549
NADP-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, molecular model. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme that facilitates the break-down of alcohols in the body, which could otherwise be toxic

TATA box-binding protein and DNA F006 / 9550
TATA box-binding protein and DNA. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blue)

Cholera toxin molecule F006 / 9546
Cholera toxin, molecular model. Cholera toxin is a protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, that causes the disease cholera

Programmed cell death protein 6 molecule F006 / 9548
Programmed cell death protein 6, molecular model. This is a calcium-binding protein is involved in apoptosis (programmed cell death)

GATA transcription factor and zinc finger F006 / 9547
GATA transcription factor. Molecular model of the GATA transcription factor bound to a zinc finger. Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences

Plant hormone regulator, molecular model F006 / 9545
Plant hormone regulator. Molecular model of Ia-amidohydrolase from thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana). This enzyme acts to release the plant hormone indoe-3-acetic acid from its storage form

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase molecule F006 / 9543
Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Molecular model of the human type 5 hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme bound to a molecule of the steroid drug androstene

RNA stem-loop motif, molecular model F006 / 9544
RNA stem-loop motif. Molecular model of the stem-loop II motif from the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus. This RNA (ribonucleic acid) element is a target for antiviral drugs

Nerve growth factor bound to receptor F006 / 9541
Nerve growth factor bound to receptor, molecular model. Human nerve growth factor bound to the TrkA receptor. NGF is a neurotrophin that acts on the development and function of nerves

DNA binding protein, molecular model F006 / 9540
DNA binding protein. Molecular model of the recombinant protein S7dLZ bound to DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules. S7dLZ is made up of the DNA binding protein Sac7d

Pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme molecule F006 / 9538
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), molecular model. This enzyme converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA for use in the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle

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The beta sheet, a crucial element in the world of molecular biology and protein structure, plays a significant role in various biological processes. From DNA transcription to HIV reverse transcription enzyme, this secondary structure of proteins is an intricate masterpiece. In the realm of DNA transcription, the beta sheet takes center stage as it assists in unraveling genetic information. Its molecular model showcases its complexity and elegance, resembling an artistic creation that captivates scientists worldwide. Not only does the beta sheet contribute to DNA transcription, but it also plays a vital role in combating diseases. The Hepatitis C virus enzyme's molecular model reveals how this secondary structure aids in understanding and potentially treating this infectious disease. Another remarkable example lies within Manganese superoxide dismutase enzyme F006 / 9423. This intricate arrangement highlights how the beta sheet contributes to antioxidant defense mechanisms within our bodies. Moreover, Argonaute protein molecule F006 / 9526 demonstrates how the beta sheet collaborates with microRNA to regulate gene expression. This interaction holds immense potential for therapeutic interventions targeting various diseases. Immunoglobulin G antibody and egg white F006 / 9682 showcase yet another fascinating aspect of the beta sheet's versatility. Here we witness its involvement in immune responses against foreign substances present within our bodies. Furthermore, Cytochrome P450 complex F006 / 9669 illustrates how this secondary structure enables drug metabolism and detoxification processes essential for maintaining human health. Succinyl-CoA synthetase enzyme F006 / 9592 emphasizes another critical function of the beta sheet: energy production through cellular respiration pathways. Its presence ensures efficient conversion of succinyl-CoA into ATP molecules necessary for sustaining life processes. Additionally, RNA-induced silencing complex F006 / 9586 unveils how the beta sheet participates in gene regulation by suppressing specific mRNA molecules through small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).