Beta Sheet Collection (page 7)

Neuropeptide Y neurotransmitter molecule F006 / 9493
Neuropeptide Y neurotransmitter molecule. Molecular model showing the structure of the neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY). NPY is found in the brain and autonomic nervous system

Interferon gamma molecule F006 / 9489
Interferon gamma, molecular model. Interferon gamma is produced by certain immune cells (T cells, dendritic cells and NK cells) as part of the immune response to invading pathogens and tumours

RNA interference viral suppressor and RNA F006 / 9488
RNA interference viral suppressor and RNA. Molecular model of the p19 protein (yellow) from a Tombusvirus, suppressing a double-stranded, small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecule (red and blue)

Uricase enzyme, molecular model F006 / 9485
Uricase, molecular model. This enzyme, also known as urate oxidase, catalyses the last stage of purine catabolism. It is absent from humans

Yersinia pestis virulence factor F006 / 9486
Yersinia pestis virulence factor. Molecular model of the V-antigen protein, a virulence factor in Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of the plague

Transcription factor and DNA molecule F006 / 9484
Transcription factor and DNA molecule. Molecular model of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcription factor protein (pink and blue) complexed with a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Androgen receptor, molecular model F006 / 9483
Androgen receptor. Molecular model of the DNA-binding region of an androgen receptor (pink and yellow) complexed with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, blue and red)

Human catalase, molecular model F006 / 9478
Human catalase, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide is a highly toxic byproduct of a number of normal cellular processes

Chinese scorpion toxin structure F006 / 9482
Chinese scorpion toxin structure. Molecular model of the toxin BmBKTtx1, produced by the Chinese scorpion (Buthus martensi Karsch)

Novel protein, molecular model F006 / 9481
Novel protein. Molecular model of a computer-designed protein named TOP7

Haemagglutinin protein subunit F006 / 9479
Haemagglutinin protein subunit. Molecular model of the ectodomain of the haemagglutinin HA(2) subunit. Haemagglutinin is a surface protein from the influenza A virus

Foot-and-mouth disease virus F006 / 9471
Foot-and-mouth disease virus. Molecular model of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus Aphtae epizooticae, with antibodies (immunoglobulins)

RNA polymerase molecule F006 / 9475
RNA polymerase. Molecular model of RNA polymerase (beige) transcribing a strand of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid, pink) from a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) template (red and blue)

Cytochrome c oxidase and antibody F006 / 9474
Cytochrome c oxidase. Molecular model of a cytochrome c oxidase enzyme complexed with an antibody. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation and reduction reactions for electron transport

Human prion protein, molecular model F006 / 9477
Human prion protein, molecular model. Prions are abnormal proteins that cause a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases including BSE in cows and CJD in humans

Herpesvirus immune inhibitor protein F006 / 9476
Herpesvirus immune inhibitor protein. Molecular model of the protein ICP47 from the herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). This protein prevents antigens from the virus being presented to immune cells

Poliovirus type 3 capsid, molecular model F006 / 9465
Poliovirus type 3 capsid, molecular model. This enterovirus causes poliomyelitis (polio) in humans, which affects the nervous system, sometimes leading to paralysis

Importin heterodimer protein F006 / 9472
Importin heterodimer protein. Molecular model showing the importin heterodimer, a complex between importin alpha and importin beta. Importin imports other proteins into the cell nucleus

Adenovirus fibre shaft protein F006 / 9473
Adenovirus fibre shaft protein, molecular model. This protein forms part of the shaft of the fibres or spikes by which adenoviruses attach to receptors on cells during the infection process

Haemagglutinin viral surface protein F006 / 9470
Haemagglutinin viral surface protein. Molecular model of haemagglutinin, a surface protein from the influenza virus, complexed with a neutralising antibody

Outer membrane phospholipase A molecule F006 / 9469
Outer membrane phospholipase A. Molecular model of the integral membrane protein, outer membrane phospholipase A from the Escherichia coli bacterium

Nickel-containing superoxide dismutase F006 / 9468
Nickel-containing superoxide dismutase enzyme, molecular model. This enzyme scavenges and decomposes the potentially toxic first reduction product, superoxide, of aerobic respiration

Lactose transporter protein molecule F006 / 9466
Lactose transporter protein. Molecular model of the transmembrane transport protein lactose permease bound with a lactose homolog

Aspirin drug target molecule F006 / 9464
Aspirin drug target. Molecular model of the enzyme prostaglandin H2 synthase (PGHS), the target of the anti-inflammatory drug aspirin

Archaeon enzyme, molecular model F006 / 9459
Archaeon enzyme. Molecular model of an enzyme from Thermoplasma acidophilum. This is the 20S proteasome. A proteasome is a complex type of proteinase (protein-digesting enzyme)

Whooping cough toxin molecule F006 / 9463
Whooping cough toxin. Molecular model of the pertussis toxin from the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, the cause of whooping cough

Photosynthetic reaction centre F006 / 9462
Photosynthetic reaction centre. Molecular model of the photosynthetic reaction centre from the purple bacterium Rhodopseudomonas viridis

Dengue virus capsid, molecular model F006 / 9455
Dengue virus capsid, molecular model. This virus, transmitted by mosquito bites, causes the tropical disease dengue fever in humans

Amylase, molecular model F006 / 9461
Amylase. Molecular model of the enzyme alpha-amylase from the human pancreas. Amylase catalyses the breakdown of starch to sugars, and so starts the digestive process

GST enzyme conferring DDT resistance F006 / 9460
GST enzyme. Molecular model of a glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme from the malaria-carrying mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Caspase-3 and inhibitor F006 / 9457
Apopain protein and inhibitor. Molecular model of caspase-3, also known as apopain, complexed with an inhibitor. Caspase-3 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins

Para-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase molecule F006 / 9458
Para-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase, molecular model. This flavoprotein enzyme is involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds

Adenovirus hexon protein F006 / 9453
Adenovirus hexon protein, molecular model. Hexon proteins are part of the protein coat or shell (capsid) of adenoviruses. In viruses

Rous sarcoma virus capsid protein F006 / 9456
Rous sarcoma virus capsid protein. Molecular model of the N-terminal domain of the Rous sarcoma virus capsid protein

Nitric oxide synthase molecule F006 / 9452
Nitric oxide synthase, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine. Nitric oxide is involved in cellular signalling

P32 mitochondrial matrix protein F006 / 9454
P32 mitochondrial matrix protein, molecular model. Also known as SF2-associated p32 (SF2P32), this protein is found in the matrix of cellular mitochondria

Cytochrome c oxidase molecule F006 / 9447
Cytochrome c oxidase. Molecular model of a cytochrome c oxidase enzyme from the mitochondria of a cows heart. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation and reduction reactions for electron transport

ATPase and inhibitor, molecular model F006 / 9448
ATPase and inhibitor. Computer model of an ATP synthase (ATPase) molecule from a mitochondrion complexed with its inhibitor protein IF1

Dengue virus surface protein molecule F006 / 9449
Dengue virus surface protein molecule. Molecular model of the envelope glycoprotein found on the surface of the dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) virus

Cytochrome c oxidase molecule F006 / 9446
Cytochrome c oxidase. Molecular model of a cytochrome c oxidase enzyme from the mitochondria of a cows heart. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation and reduction reactions for electron transport

Tumour suppressor protein molecular model F006 / 9450
Tumour suppressor protein, molecular model. P53 prevents the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA. Its production occurs in response to radiation and chemicals that damage the structure of DNA

Shrew eye lens protein molecule F006 / 9444
Shrew eye lens protein. Molecular model of eta-crystallin, a structural protein only found in the eye lenses of elephant shrews (family Macroscelididae)

Nodamura virus capsid, molecular model F006 / 9438
Nodamura virus capsid, molecular model. This virus can cause lethal infections in both mammals and insects. In viruses, the capsid is the protein shell that encloses the genetic material

Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor molecule F006 / 9445
Retinoblastoma tumour suppressor. Molecular model of a retinoblastoma tumour suppressor (Rb) bound to a transcription factor E2F-1

Citrate synthase molecule F006 / 9443
Citrate synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is involved in the first step of the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle, the process by which mitochondria convert glucose to energy

ATPase molecule F006 / 9441
ATPase molecule. Molecular model of the ATP-dependent oligomerisation domain of N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF), a hexameric ATPase

Caspase-9 with inhibitor, molecular model F006 / 9442
Caspase-9 complexed with an inhibitor, molecular model. Caspase-9 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins, that plays a role in apoptosis (programmed cell death)

Epidermal growth factor and receptor F006 / 9440
Epidermal growth factor molecule. Molecular model of epidermal growth factor (EGF) bound to a receptor. EGF plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation and differentiation

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The beta sheet, a crucial element in the world of molecular biology and protein structure, plays a significant role in various biological processes. From DNA transcription to HIV reverse transcription enzyme, this secondary structure of proteins is an intricate masterpiece. In the realm of DNA transcription, the beta sheet takes center stage as it assists in unraveling genetic information. Its molecular model showcases its complexity and elegance, resembling an artistic creation that captivates scientists worldwide. Not only does the beta sheet contribute to DNA transcription, but it also plays a vital role in combating diseases. The Hepatitis C virus enzyme's molecular model reveals how this secondary structure aids in understanding and potentially treating this infectious disease. Another remarkable example lies within Manganese superoxide dismutase enzyme F006 / 9423. This intricate arrangement highlights how the beta sheet contributes to antioxidant defense mechanisms within our bodies. Moreover, Argonaute protein molecule F006 / 9526 demonstrates how the beta sheet collaborates with microRNA to regulate gene expression. This interaction holds immense potential for therapeutic interventions targeting various diseases. Immunoglobulin G antibody and egg white F006 / 9682 showcase yet another fascinating aspect of the beta sheet's versatility. Here we witness its involvement in immune responses against foreign substances present within our bodies. Furthermore, Cytochrome P450 complex F006 / 9669 illustrates how this secondary structure enables drug metabolism and detoxification processes essential for maintaining human health. Succinyl-CoA synthetase enzyme F006 / 9592 emphasizes another critical function of the beta sheet: energy production through cellular respiration pathways. Its presence ensures efficient conversion of succinyl-CoA into ATP molecules necessary for sustaining life processes. Additionally, RNA-induced silencing complex F006 / 9586 unveils how the beta sheet participates in gene regulation by suppressing specific mRNA molecules through small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).