Secondary Structure Collection (#2)

Ricin molecule, artwork C017 / 3655
Ricin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (yellow) and B (blue)

Blood clotting factor VIII molecule C014 / 0407
Blood clotting factor VIII, molecular model showing the secondary structure. Factor VIII, also known as anti-haemophilic factor, is an essential blood clotting protein in humans

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0409
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing the interaction between coagulation factor VIII (FVIII, pink, blue and yellow), factor IXa (FIXa)

Insulin molecule C014 / 2122
Insulin, molecular module. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. It consists of two peptide chains, A (blue) and B (yellow), which are linked by disulphide bridges

Blood clotting factor VIII molecule C014 / 0408
Blood clotting factor VIII, molecular model. Factor VIII, also known as anti-haemophilic factor, is an essential blood clotting protein in humans

EcoRV restriction enzyme molecule C014 / 2113
EcoRV restriction enzyme. Molecular model of the type II restriction enzyme EcoRV (pink and blue) bound to a cleaved section of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, white)

EcoRV restriction enzyme molecule C014 / 2118
EcoRV restriction enzyme. Molecular model of the type II restriction enzyme EcoRV (purple and beige) bound to a DNA molecule (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow and orange)

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0410
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing the interaction between coagulation factor VIII (FVIII, pink, blue and yellow), factor IXa (FIXa)

Fibrinogen molecule C014 / 0472
Fibrinogen. Molecular model showing the secondary structure of the blood clotting glycoprotein fibrinogen (factor I). The molecule consists of two sets of alpha (grey)

Stilbene synthase molecule C014 / 2292
Stilbene synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is produced by some plants (including grapes, peanuts and blueberries) in response to stress from either ultraviolet light or certain fungi

Stilbene synthase molecule C014 / 2291
Stilbene synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is produced by some plants (including grapes, peanuts and blueberries) in response to stress from either ultraviolet light or certain fungi

UVR8 protein molecule C014 / 4913
UVR8 protein molecule. Computer model showing photoreception of UV-B (ultraviolet-B) light rays (white beam, left) by a UVR8 protein, whose secondary structure (purple ribbons) is shown

Peptide YY obesity hormone molecule C014 / 4911
Peptide YY obesity hormone molecule. Computer model showing the crystal structure of a molecule of the hormone peptide YY (PYY, or PYY3-36)

Peptide YY obesity hormone molecule C014 / 4910
Peptide YY obesity hormone molecule. Computer model showing the crystal structure of a molecule of the hormone peptide YY (PYY, or PYY3-36)

Alemtuzumab antibody molecule. Computer model showing the molecular structure of the monoclonal antibody and cancer drug alemtuzumab

Activated ghrelin hormone molecule C014 / 4902
Activated ghrelin hormone molecule. Computer model showing the crystal structure of the human hormone ghrelin. The crystal structure consists of both the secondary structure

Activated ghrelin hormone molecule C014 / 4903
Activated ghrelin hormone molecule. Computer model showing the structure of the human hormone ghrelin. Atoms are colour-coded spheres (carbon: grey, oxygen: red, nitrogen: blue)

Obestatin molecule C014 / 4908
Obestatin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of obestatin. Obestatin is thought to supress hunger and reduce food intake, thereby reducing weight gain

Obestatin molecule C014 / 4909
Obestatin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of obestatin. Obestatin is thought to supress hunger and reduce food intake, thereby reducing weight gain

Bacterial outer membrane protein molecule C014 / 4949
Bacterial outer membrane protein molecule. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a molecule of outer membrane transporter FecA protein from Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria

Bacterial outer membrane protein molecule. Computer model showing a part of the secondary structure of a molecule of outer membrane protein A from Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria

UVR8 protein molecule C014 / 4912
UVR8 protein molecule. Computer model showing photoreception of UV-B (ultraviolet-B) light rays (top) by a UVR8 protein. The secondary structure (purple ribbons) of UVR8 is shown at bottom

Activated ghrelin hormone molecule C014 / 4901
Activated ghrelin hormone molecule. Computer model showing the crystal structure of the human hormone ghrelin. The crystal structure consists of both the secondary structure

Potassium ion channel. Computer artwork of a KcsA potassium ion (K+) channel (ribbons) embedded in a phospholipid (spheres) cell membrane (horizontal, centre)

Voltage-gated potassium channel. Computer model showing the molecular structure of a voltage-gated potassium (Kv) ion channel

Restriction enzyme cutting DNA
Fragment of DNA bound by the restriction endonucleaseEcoRI. The protein is a dimer, with each subunitable to bind and cut one strand of DNA

Beta secretase inhibitor, molecular model. The inhibitor molecule (centre, also shown in C015/1977) is bound to the beta secretase enzyme (partially seen)

Anaesthetic inhibiting an ion channel C015 / 6723
Anaesthetic inhibiting an ion channel. Computer model showing the structure of propofol anaesthetic drug molecules (spheres) bound to a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC, blue ribbons)

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0626
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing a blood clotting factor VIIa-tissue factor complex molecule (blue and white ribbons) with a tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)

Anaesthetic inhibiting an ion channel C015 / 6722
Anaesthetic inhibiting an ion channel. Computer model showing the structure of propofol anaesthetic drug molecules (spheres) bound to a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC, blue ribbons)

Anaesthetic inhibiting an ion channel C015 / 6720
Anaesthetic inhibiting an ion channel. Computer model showing the structure of propofol anaesthetic drug molecules (lower left and right) bound to a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC, grey)

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0585
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing a blood clotting factor VIIa-tissue factor complex molecule (blue and white) with a tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0584
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing a blood clotting factor VIIa-tissue factor complex molecule (blue and white ribbons) with a tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)

Oestrogen receptor, molecular model
Oestrogen receptor. Molecular model of an oestrogen receptor, bound to a glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein. Oestrogen receptors are cytoplasmic proteins that bind oestrogens

Erythropoietin hormone complex C016 / 4461
Erythropoietin hormone complex. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a molecule of the human hormone Erythropoietin (EPO), complexed with an erythropoetin receptor molecule

Erythropoietin hormone complex C016 / 4458
Erythropoietin hormone complex. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a molecule of the human hormone Erythropoietin (EPO), complexed with an erythropoetin receptor molecule

Erythropoietin hormone complex C016 / 4451
Erythropoietin hormone complex. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a molecule of the human hormone Erythropoietin (EPO), complexed with an erythropoetin receptor molecule

Neuropeptide Y neurotransmitter molecule C014 / 0013
Neuropeptide Y neurotransmitter molecule. Molecular model showing the structure of the neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY)

B19 parvovirus capsid protein, molecular model. This protein forms part of the capsid (protein shell) of parvovirus B19, one of only a few parvoviruses that infect humans

Human growth hormone molecule C013 / 9006
Human growth hormone. Molecular model of human growth hormone (hGH, yellow) bound to the extracellular domain of the human growth hormone binding protein (hGHBP)

RNA polymerase molecule C013 / 9005
RNA polymerase. Molecular model of RNA polymerase (yellow) transcribing a strand of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid, pink) from a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) template (orange and turquoise)

HIV reverse transcription enzyme C013 / 8998
HIV reverse transcription enzyme. Molecular model of the reverse transcriptase enzyme (orange and blue) found in HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus)

Erythropoietin molecule C013 / 8891
Erythropoietin molecule (EPO), molecular model. EPO is a glycoprotein that is produced by the kidneys in response to low blood oxygen levels

Birch pollen allergen molecule C013 / 8889
Birch pollen allergen molecule. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a Bet v 1L molecule. This molecule is responsible for allergic reactions to pollen from birch (Betula sp.) trees

Oxoguanine glycosylase complex C013 / 8886
Oxoguanine glycosylase complex. Computer model showing a molecule of human aG DNA repair glycosylase (right) bound to an DNA molecule (left)

Oxoguanine glycosylase complex C013 / 8884
Oxoguanine glycosylase complex. Computer model showing an 8-Oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1) molecule (green) bound to a section of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, pink and blue)

Erythropoietin hormone complex. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a molecule of the human hormone Erythropoietin (EPO), complexed with an erythropoetin receptor molecule

TATA box-binding protein complex C013 / 8881
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP) (purple) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, blue)

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Secondary structure refers to the intricate folding patterns that proteins and nucleic acids adopt, playing a crucial role in their functionality. In one captivating image, an anaesthetic inhibits an ion channel (C015/6718), highlighting how secondary structure impacts cellular processes. Another snapshot showcases DNA transcription, unveiling the molecular model of this essential process. Artwork depicting the secondary structure of proteins captivates our imagination as we marvel at the intricacy and beauty within each fold. The nucleosome molecule further emphasizes this complexity, showcasing how DNA wraps around histone proteins to form a compact structure. The bacterial ribosome stands tall as a testament to secondary structures' significance in protein synthesis. Meanwhile, the HIV reverse transcription enzyme reminds us of its vital role in converting viral RNA into DNA during infection. Molecular models provide insight into hepatitis C virus enzymes and interferon molecules—both critical players in disease progression and immune response modulation. Similarly, human growth hormone molecules hold immense importance for development and metabolism regulation. Exploring coagulation factor complex molecules (C014/0139) unravels mechanisms behind blood clotting—a process dependent on precise secondary structures working together seamlessly. Ghrelin hormone molecules intrigue us with their involvement in appetite regulation and energy balance maintenance. From anaesthetics influencing ion channels to hormones orchestrating bodily functions, understanding secondary structures unlocks countless mysteries within biological systems. These captivating images remind us of the intricate dance occurring at a microscopic level—the delicate folds dictating life's grand symphony.